مدل‌سازی آشفتگی مکانی جنگل با استفاده از سنجه‌های سیمای سرزمین در پارک ملی گلستان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

2 استاد، گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، تعیین وضعیت آشفتگی مکانی در بخش جنگلی پارک ملی گلستان با استفاده از فن­آوری سنجش از دور، سنجه­های سیمای سرزمین و GIS است. به این منظور پس­از تعیین محدودة جنگلی منطقة مورد بررسی، نقشة دقیق پوشش سرزمین جنگل-غیرجنگل سال 1395 آن به روش تفسیر­تلفیقی از داده­های سنجنده OLI ماهوارة لندست 8 تهیه شد. پس از تعیین مساحت بهینة شبکه­بندی، منطقه به شبکه­ای از 550 پهنه شش­ضلعی 100 هکتاری تقسیم شد. سپس از 12 سنجة مکانی سیمای­سرزمین شامل MESH، NP، PD، ENN-MN، LPI، FRAC-MN، CONTIG-MN، SPLIT، AREA-MN، DIVISION، PLAND و SHAPE-MN برای مشخص­کردن مشخصات کمی، چگونگی توزیع­مکانی، ارتباطات و ترکیب­بندی لکه­های غیرجنگلی در یکایک پهنه­ها استفاده شد. در ادامه با انجام استانداردسازی مقادیر سنجه­ها و تحلیل مولفه­های اصلی، سنجه­های مؤثر در آشفتگی و وزن آن­ها برای تهیة مدل آشفتگی مکانی تعیین شد. در نهایت نقشة شاخص آشفتگی جنگل براساس مدل تهیه و به چهار طبقه بدون آشفتگی، آشفتگی­کم، متوسط و زیاد تقسیم شد. نتایج نشان داد که طبقه­های یاد­شده به­ترتیب 53/48، 15/16، 90/19 و 41/15 درصد از منطقه را پوشش می­دهند. با رویکرد مورد استفاده در این پژوهش می­توان نقشة آشفتگی مکانی مناطق جنگلی تحت مدیریت را به­صورت دوره­ای تهیه و به­عنوان یکی از ابزارهای پایش به­کار برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatial forest disturbance modeling using landscape metrics in Golestan national park of Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahan Ghorbani 1
  • Ali Asghar Darvishsefat 2
  • Bahman Jabbarian Amiri 3
  • Maria Bagheri 1
1 M.Sc. Student of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I. R. Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I. R. Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I. R. Iran.
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study is to determine the status of forest spatial disturbance in Golestan National Park using remote sensing and landscape metrics. Detailed forest/non-forest map was prepared by on-screen digitizing method using Landsat 8 data. After determining the optimal area of gridding, the studied area was divided into 550 hexagonal zones with the area of 100 hectares each one. Spatial distribution, connectivity and composition of non-forest patches in each zone were measured using 12 spatial metrics (MESH, NP, PD, ENN-MN, LPI, FRAC-MN, CONTIG_MN, SPLIT, AREA-MN, DIVISION, PLAND and SHAPE-MN). After standardization of metrics values, principal component analysis was also performed in order to determine the effective metrics in disturbance and their associate weight in the spatial disturbance model. Afterwards, based on the prepared model, the disturbance index map was prepared and classified in four classes of disturbance including 1) without disturbance, 2) low disturbance 3) medium disturbance and 4) high disturbance. The results showed that the mentioned classes cover 48.53, 16.15, 19.90 and 15.41 percentage of the studied area, respectively. With the approach that used in this study, the disturbances map of the under management forest areas can be prepared periodically and used as one of its monitoring tools.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spatial disturbance
  • Golestan National Park
  • principal component analysis
  • Landscape metrics

مراجع

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پژوهش و توسعه جنگل
دوره 4، شماره 3
آذر 1397
صفحه 303-317

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