تأثیر ارتفاع از سطح دریا بر ویژگی‎‌‎های کمی و کیفی و برآورد مقدار میوه بنه (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) توده‌های جنگلی شهرستان سردشت، استان آذربایجان‌غربی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، مدیریت جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

2 استادیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 استادیار گروه جنگلداری دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اهر دانشگاه تبریز

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش بررسی ویژگی­های کمی و کیفی توده­های بنه در طبقات ارتفاعی و برآوردی از مقدار تولید میوه آن در توده­های مورد بررسی است. در این بررسی سه طبقه ارتفاعی از جنگل‌های سردشت (کمتر از 1400 متر، بین 1000تا 1400 متر و بیشتر از 1400 متر) در سامان عرفی شش روستا انتخاب و در توده­های جنگلی روستا­های مذکور 27 خط نمونه با طول نامساوی به‌صورت تصادفی برداشت شد. در برداشت خط­نمونه مشخصه­های نوع گونه‌، ارتفاع درخت، قطر برابرسینه، قطر کوچک و بزرگ تاج، مبدأ گونه، وضعیت سلامت اندازه­گیری شد. همچنین مقدار میوه ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ شده 89 اصله از پایه­های بنه در طبقات قطری مختلف مورد اندازه­گیری قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در توده­های مورد بررسی بنه 1/11 درصد آمیختگی را به­خود اختصاص داده و میانگین قطر برابرسینه و ارتفاع پایه­های آن به­ترتیب در طبقه ارتفاعی کمتر از 1000 و 1400 -1000 متر بیشترین مقدار را دارد. بیشترین درصد دانه­زادی پایه­های بنه در طبقه ارتفاعی 1400-1000 متر و بیشترین درصد سالم­بودن پایه­ها در طبقه ارتفاعی بیشتر از 1400 متر مشاهده شد. دو مشخصه ارتفاع و متوسط قطر تاج با مقدار میوه تولیدی هر پایه به­طور معنی­داری همبستگی مثبت نشان دادند. این پژوهش نشان داد که با افزایش ارتفاع از سطح دریا از فراوانی گونه بنه کاسته می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of altitude on quantitative and qualitative characteristics and estimation of Pistacia ‎atlantica fruits in the forest stands in Sardasht, West Azerbaijan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ayeshe Esmaili 1
  • Seyed Rostam Mousavi Mirkala 2
  • Ahmad Alijanpour 3
  • Marziye hajjarian 2
  • Sajad Ghanbari 4
1 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
4 Department of Forestry, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz
چکیده [English]

The study aimed to investigate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Pistachia atlantica stands in altitude classes and to estimate the amount of fruit production in the studied stands. In this study, in three altitude classes of Sardasht forests (less than 1400 m, 1000 -1400 m, and more than 1400 m), the traditional utilization area of six villages was selected and, in the forest, stands of the mentioned villages, 27 transects of unequal length were randomly established. In the transects, characteristics such as species type, tree height, d.b.h, small and large crown diameter, origin, health status, and distance between trees were measured. Also, the amount of fruit of 89 individuals in different diameter classes was measured. The results showed that in the studied stands, Pistachia atlantica accounted for 11.1% of the mixture, and the average d.b.h and the height of trees were the highest in the elevation class less than 1000 m and 1400-1000 m, respectively. The highest seed-originated tress percentage of Pistachia atlantica individuals was observed in the altitude class of 1400-1000 m and the highest percentage of healthy trees was observed in the altitude class of more than 1400 m. The two characteristics of height and average diameter of the crown show a positive correlation with the amount of fruit produced in each individual‎. This study showed that with increasing altitude, the abundance of Pistacia species decreases.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pistacia atlantica
  • Traditional utilization area
  • Sardasht forest
  • Fruit
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