اثرهای آتش‌سوزی بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی خاک در جنگل‌های ارسباران شهرستان کلیبر

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی جنگل، دانشکده جنگلداری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دکتری فیزیک و حفاظت خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

آتش‌سوزی اثرهای مختلفی بر کیفیت خاک و ویژگی‌های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی آن دارد. برای بررسی این اثرها، در این پژوهش ویژگی‌های مختلف فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی خاک در بخشی از جنگل‌های ارسباران واقع در شهرستان کلیبر که در مرداد سال 1400 دچار آتش‌سوزی شده بود، بررسی شد. نمونه‌های خاک از نواحی سوخته‌شده (32 نمونه) و منطقه شاهد مجاور که دچار آتش‌سوزی نشده بود (32 نمونه) به روش منظم تصادفی، با ابعاد شبکه پنج در پنج متر، از عمق صفر تا 15 سانتی‌متری برداشت شده و ویژگی‌های مختلف آن­ها اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که مقادیر pH، کربن آلی، نیتروژن کل، درصد رطوبت، تنفس پایه و زی‌توده میکروبی خاک در نمونه‌های شاهد به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از مقادیر آن در خاک‌های منطقه سوخته­شده بود. درحالی‌که بیشترین مقادیر فسفر، پتاسیم قابل جذب و جرم مخصوص ظاهری در خاک‌های منطقه سوخته­شده مشاهده شد. درصد ذرات شن، سیلت، رس، درصد تخلخل، جرم مخصوص حقیقی و تنفس برانگیخته در نمونه‌های شاهد و سوخته، اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشتند. بر اساس تحلیل PCA، فسفر قابل جذب و کربن زی‌توده میکروبی به­ترتیب پیش و پس از آتش‌سوزی بیشترین اثرپذیری را به­خود اختصاص دادند. نتایج این بررسی نشان‌ داد که ویژگی‌های شیمیایی و زیستی خاک‌های جنگلی ارسباران (به­جز فسفر و پتاسیم) نسبت به ویژگی‌های فیزیکی، بیشتر تحت تأثیر آتش‌سوزی قرار گرفتند و به­طور کلی حاصلخیزی خاک پس از آتش‌سوزی، در کوتاه مدت (یک­ماه) کاهش یافت.

چکیده تصویری

اثرهای آتش‌سوزی بر ویژگی‌های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی خاک در جنگل‌های ارسباران شهرستان کلیبر

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of fire on physical, chemical and biological properties of soil in Arasbaran ‎forest in Kaleybar city

نویسندگان [English]

  • Omid Jahandar 1
  • Elham Alidoust 2
1 PhD Student of Forest Engineering, Department of Forestry, University of Tehran, Tehran, I. R. Iran‎
2 PhD of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Isfahan, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Fire has different effects on soil quality and its physical, chemical and biological properties. In order to investigate these effects, in this study, various physical, chemical and biological properties of soil in a part of Arasbaran forest located in Kalibar city that were affected by fire were studied. Soil samples were taken from burned areas (32 samples) and adjacent areas that were not affected by fire as blank samples (32 samples) by systematic random method from a depth of 0 to 15 cm and different soil properties were measured. The results showed that the values of pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, moisture content, basal respiration and soil microbial biomass in the blank samples were significantly higher than the values in burned samples; while the highest amounts of absorbable P and K and bulk density were observed in burned samples. There was no significant difference in the percentage of sand, silt, clay, porosity, PD and substrate Induced Respiration in the blank and burned samples. Based on PCA analysis, absorbable P and Microbial Biomass Carbon were significantly affected before and after fire, respectively. The results of this study showed that the chemical and biological properties of Arasbaran forest soils (except P and K) were more affected by fire than physical properties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Microbial biomass
  • Organic carbon
  • Phosphorus
  • Principal components analysis‎
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