ارزیابی اثر حاشیه‌ای طرح هندسی جادۀ جنگلی در تیپ‌های مختلف بر تنوع گونه‌ای گیاهان اکوسیستم مجاور (بررسی موردی: سری یکم جنگل دکتر‌ بهرام‌نیا، گرگان)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

5 دانشیار، گروه بیوتکنولوژی و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش ارزیابی مقدار تأثیر هرکدام از طرح­های مختلف هندسی جادۀ جنگلی بر روی تنوع زیستی و ترکیب توده­های گیاهان در دو سمت آن بود. برای این منظور از مقایسۀ شاخص­های تنوع زیستی شانون، غنای گونه­ای منهینیک و یکنواختی اسمیت- ویلسون برای بررسی وضعیت تنوع­ گونه­های توده­های جانبی و از آنالیزهای تطبیقی قوس­گیری­شده (DCA) و تطبیقی متعارفی (CCA) به­منظور بررسی تأثیر متغیرهای محیطی در وضعیت استقرار گونه­های گیاهی در فواصل مختلف از جاده با توجه به طرح هندسی آن استفاده شد. نتایج مقایسۀ شاخص­های تنوع­ نشان داد که مقدار شاخص تنوع شانون و غنای گونه­ای منهینیک در دو سمت جاده از حالت مستقیم به سمت درون پیچ افزاینده بود؛ اما شاخص یکنواختی اسمیت- ویلسون روند عکسی را نشان می­داد. نتایج آنالیز تطبیقی قوس­گیری­شده و تطبیقی متعارفی نشان داد که پراکنش گونه­های نورپسند با افزایش متغیرهای شدت نور و درجه حرارت در حاشیۀ جاده همبستگی مثبتی داشت. همچنین اثر جاده بر روی این گونه­ها تا عمق 10 متری از لبۀ آن بود. گونه­های سایه­پسند در عمق بیشتری از جنگل نسبت به جاده مستقر شده بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the edge effect of forest road geometric plan in various forest types on plants biodiversity of adjacent stands (Case study: district No. 1 Dr. Bahram-nia forest- Gorgan)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeed Rahbari Sisakht 1
  • Mohammad Hadi Moayeri 2
  • EHsan Abdi 3
  • Ramin Rahmani 4
  • Mohammad Hadi Pahlavani 5
1 PhD candidate of Forest Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I. R. Iran.
2 Associated Professor, Department of forestry, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I. R. Iran.
3 Associated Professor, Department of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, I. R. Iran.
4 Associated Professor, Department of Forest ecology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I. R. Iran.
5 Associated Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I. R. Iran.
چکیده [English]

The aim of this research was to assess the effect and range of each forest road geometric plans on biodiversity and composition of plants on its two sides. To this end, to study the biodiversity of species of lateral stands and the effects of environmental variables in the situation of establishment of plant species at different distances of the road, the comparison of Shannon biodiversity Index (H), Menhinick species richness and Smith-Wilson’s index of evenness, detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were used respectively, according to its geometric plans. Results of the comparison between biodiversity indexes showed that in both sides of the straight road to switch back, Shannon index and Menhinik richness increased, while Smith-Wilson evenness had an inverse trend. The results of DCA and CCA analysis showed that the distribution of demanding species was positively correlated with increasing light intensity and temperature on the road verge. The effect of the road on these species was up to a depth of 10 meters from its edge as well. Shade tolerant species were more in-depth of forest than the road.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adjacent stands
  • Biodiversity
  • CCA
  • Forest road
  • Road geometric plan
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