مقایسۀ وضعیت زادآوری و تنوع گونه‌های علفی در روشنه‌های ایجاد‌شده و طبیعی (بررسی موردی: سری سه جنگل‌های ناو اسالم گیلان)

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

2 دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 مربی پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

5 کارشناس ارشد پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

6 استاد، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه‌سرا، ایران

7 دکتری تخصصی علوم جنگل، اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری گیلان، رشت، ایران

چکیده

در این بررسی، تمامی روشنه­ها در قطعه تحقیقاتی جنگل­های ناو اسالم استان گیلان مورد شناسایی و در سه کلاسه کوچک (کمتر از 200 مترمربع)، متوسط (200 تا 500 مترمربع) و بزرگ (بیش از 500 مترمربع) طبقه­بندی شدند. در هر روشنه هفت قطعه‌نمونه چهار مترمربعی (2×2) در چهار جهت اصلی، مرکز و یک‌چهارم و سه‌چهارم طول بزرگ هر روشنه مستقر شد. تعداد نونهال و نهال درختی به تفکیک گونه ثبت شده و پوشش علفی نیز بر اساس معیار براون–بلانکه توسعه­یافته برداشت شد. مقادیر عددی شاخص­های تنوع و همچنین فراوانی زادآوری در روشنه­ها از نظر آماری تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد. در این بررسی 38 روشنه طبیعی و 30 روشنه ایجاد­شده شناسایی شد. متوسط اندازه روشنه­های ایجاد­شده و طبیعی به­ترتیب 358 و 381 مترمربع بود. بین سطح روشنه­های ایجاد­شده و طبیعی اختلاف معنی­داری مشاهده نشد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که منشأ ایجاد روشنه (طبیعی یا ایجاد­شده) تفاوت معنی­داری را از نظر تعداد نونهال و کل زادآوری، ایجاد کرده است؛ اما تأثیر ابعاد و اندازه­های این روشنه­ها تنها در فراوانی نهال مشاهده شد. تعداد گونه­های علفی و مقادیر شاخص­های تنوع نیز در روشنه­های ایجاد­شده بیشتر از روشنه­های طبیعی بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of regeneration and diversity of herbaceous species in created and natural gaps

نویسندگان [English]

  • Beitollah Amanzadeh 1
  • Khosro Sagheb Talebi 2
  • Pezhman pahrizkar 3
  • Parisa Shahinroksar Ahmadi 4
  • Auob Moradi 5
  • hassan Pourbabaei 6
  • Mohsen Yousefpour 7
1 Assistant Professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Rasht, I. R. Iran
2 Associate Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I. R. Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I. R. Iran
4 Senior Research Expert, Research Division of Natural Resources, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Rasht, I. R. Iran
5 Ph.D. of Botany, Research Division of Natural Resources, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Rasht, I. R. Iran
6 Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources,University of Gilan, Rasht, I. R. Iran
7 Ph.D. of Forestry, Gilan natural resources administration, Rasht, I.R. Iran
چکیده [English]

In order to comparing the regeneration and diversity in natural and created gaps, all of the gaps in two compartments in Asalem forests were identified and divided into three categories: small gaps (2), medium gaps (200-500 m2), and large gaps (>500 m2). Seven plots with an area of 4m2 (2m×2m) were taken in each gap. The number of individuals of tree seedlings and saplings were recorded and coverage percent of herbaceous species were estimated in each plot based on extended Braun - Blanquet cover - abundance scale. In addition to counting the number of species, diversity indices including Simpson (1-D) and Shannon-Wiener (H') and Smith- Wilson’s evenness indices were calculated. The Kolomogrov-Smirnov test was used to study the normality of data and then one-way ANOVA test was performed using SAS software. Totally 38 natural and 30 created gaps were identified. The results revealed that mean of each gap size was 371 m2. There were no significant difference between the size of natural and created gaps but the number and total regeneration were significant differences among natural and created gaps. The least abundance of seedlings were obtained in the small gaps. Also diversity indices had maximum in the created gaps.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Beech
  • Diversity
  • Gap
  • Regeneration
  • Vegetation

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پژوهش و توسعه جنگل
دوره 5، شماره 1
خرداد 1398
صفحه 153-167

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