اثر مدیریت بر لاش‎‌‎ریزه، اندوخته کربن خاک و برخی از ویژگی‌های خاک توده‌های گلابی ‌وحشی ‏ (‏Pyrus syriaca and P. globra‏) (بررسی موردی: جنگل ده‌کهنه سپیدان، استان فارس)‏

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ‏شیراز، ایران‏

2 استادیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج ‏کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران‏

3 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات جنگل، موسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران‏

4 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج ‏کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران‏

5 کارشناس‌ارشد، بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ‏ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران‏

6 کارشناس، بخش تحقیقات منابع‌طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ‏شیراز، ایران

چکیده

خاک اکوسیستم­های جنگلی منبع عظیمی برای ذخیره کربن اتمسفر بوده که در صورت مدیریت صحیح سهم آن در مقابله با گرمایش زمین فزونی خواهد گرفت. در این پژوهش، سهم اندوخته­کربن در خاک و لاش­ریزه در دو توده قرق­شده 50 ساله (کمتر دخالت­شده) و قرق­نشده (دخالت­شده) گلابی ­وحشی مقایسه شد. همچنین، ویژگی­های خاک شامل درصد رطوبت، چگالی­ظاهری، کربن ­آلی، نیتروژن­ کل، فسفر و درنهایت تنفس­میکروبی خاک نیز بررسی شد. در هر توده، نمونه­های خاک در 5 و نمونه­های لاش­ریزه در 10 تکرار برداشت و خصوصیات آن­ها با استفاده از آزمون T غیرجفتی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج به­طور واضح نشان داد که ذخیره ­کربن خاک و کربن ­آلی لاش­ریزه چوبی در توده کمتر­دخالت­شده به­دلیل تراکم بیشتر پوشش درختی بیش از دو برابر توده دخالت­شده بود. با این­وجود، کربن ­آلی لاش­ریزه بین دو توده یکسان بود. مقدار فسفر و نیتروژن خاک در توده کمتر­دخالت­شده به­ترتیب 6 و 2 برابر بیشتر از توده دخالت­شده بود. نه­تنها درصد رطوبت خاک در توده کمتر­دخالت­شده (36 درصد) بیشتر از توده دخالت­شده (21 درصد) بود، بلکه مقدار تنفس میکروبی خاک در توده کمتر­دخالت­شده حدود 31 درصد بیشتر از توده دخالت­شده بود. در نهایت می‌توان گفت اعمال مدیریت قرق در توده­های جنگلی گلابی وحشی نه­تنها سبب افزایش اندوخته­کربن خاک تا بیش از دو برابر شده، بلکه حاصل­خیزی آن­ را بهبود داده که این یافته اهمیت مدیریت قرق توده­های جنگلی زاگرس در راستای حفظ عملکردهای خاک را گوشزد می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The impact of wild pear (Pyrus syriaca and P. globra) stand management on carbon ‎storage of soil and litters and some soil characteristics (case study: Dehkohneh forest of ‎Sepidan, Fars Province)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehrdad Zarafshar 1
  • Yaghoub Iranmanesh 2
  • Mehdi Pourhashemi 3
  • Sayed Kazem Bordbar 1
  • Mohammadreza Negahdarsaber 1
  • Mohammad Javad Rousta 4
  • Kokab Enayati 5
  • Alireza Abbasi 6
1 Assistant Professor, Department of natural resources, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research ‎and ‎Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of natural resources, Chaharmahl-Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural ‎Resources ‎Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shahrkord, I. R. Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Forest, Research Institute of Forest and Rangeland, AREEO, Tehran, I. ‎R. Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of soil conservation and watershed management, Fars Agricultural and ‎Natural ‎Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
5 Super expert, Department of soil conservation and watershed management, Fars Agricultural and Natural ‎‎Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
6 Expert, Department of natural resources, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education ‎‎Center, AREEO, Shiraz, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Soil in forest ecosystems is a giant source for storage of atmospheric carbon that would increase its contribution against climate warming under proper management. In the current research, soil and litter contribution in carbon sequestration were compared between a 50 years old enclosure (less degraded) and un- enclosure (degraded) wild pear stands. Besides, some soil characteristics including soil moisture, bulk density, organic carbon, total nitrogen, phosphorus, and soil microbial respiration were studied. In each stand, 5 soil samples and 10 litter samples were collected from each plot and the characteristics were compared with T-student independent analysis. The results clearly indicated that soil carbon storage and carbon storage in coarse litter due to greater tree covers in enclosure field were two times higher than un- enclos6ure. Meanwhile, carbon storage in fine litter was same in the both stands. Phousphurus content and total nitrogen in soil of enclosure field were 6 and 2 times higher than un- inclosure, respectively. Moisture content Not only was higher in less degraded field (36%) in comparison with degraded one (21%) but also soil microbial respiration in less degraded field was higher around 31% when compared with degraded field. Finally, it can be proposed that enclosure management not only can improve soil carbon storage more than two times but also can increase soil fertility. This finding highlights the importance of enclosure management in Zagros region for maintaining of soil functions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Enclosure
  • Carbon storage
  • Soil respiration
  • Forest function

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پژوهش و توسعه جنگل
دوره 7، شماره 2
شهریور 1400
صفحه 313-325

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