Arekhi, S.; Heydari, M., Pourbabei, H., Vegetation-environmental relationships and ecological species groups of the Ilam oak forest landscape, Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences 2010, 8 (2), 115-125.
Assadi, M.; Maassoumi, A.A., Khatamsaz, M., Mozaffarian, V., Editors. Flora of Iran. Vols. 1-60. Tehran: Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Publications; 1988-2008. (In Persian)
Awasthi, N.; Bhandari, S.; Khanal, Y., Does scientific forest management promote plant species diversity and regeneration in Sal (Shorea robusta) forest? A case study from Lumbini collaborative forest, Rupandehi, Nepal. Banko Janakari 2015, 25 (1), 20-29.
Barnes, B.V.; Zak, D.R., Denton, S.R., Spur, S.H., Forest Ecology. John Wiley and Sons INC, 4th edition, New York, 1998; 792 p.
Castro, H.; Lehsten, V.; Lavorel, S.; Freitas, H., Functional response traits in relation to land use change in the Montado. Agriculture, ecosystems & environment 2010, 137 (1-2), 183-191.
De Bello, F.; LepŠ, J.; SEBASTIÀ, M. T., Predictive value of plant traits to grazing along a climatic gradient in the Mediterranean. Journal of applied Ecology 2005, 42 (5), 824-833.
Diaz, S.; Lavorel, S., McIntyre, S.U.E., Falczuk, V., Casanoves, F., Milchunas, D.G., Skarpe, C., Rusch, G., Sternberg, M., Noy‐Meir, I.M.A.N.U.E.L., Landsberg, J., Plant traits responses to grazing: a global synthesis. Global Change Biology2007, 13 (2), 313-341.
Dufrêne, M.; Legendre, P., Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach. Ecological monographs 1997, 67 (3), 345-366.
Fatem, S. M.; Djitmau, D. A.; Ungirwalu, A.; Wanma, A. O.; Simbiak, V. I.; Benu, N. M. H.; Tambing, J.; Murdjoko, A., Species diversity, composition, and heterospecific associations of trees in three altitudinal gradients in Bird's Head Peninsula, Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 2020, 21 (8).
Flynn, D. F.; Gogol‐Prokurat, M.; Nogeire, T.; Molinari, N.; Richers, B. T.; Lin, B. B.; Simpson, N.; Mayfield, M. M.; DeClerck, F., Loss of functional diversity under land use intensification across multiple taxa. Ecology letters 2009, 12 (1), 22-33.
Gebrewahid, Y.; Abrehe, S., Biodiversity conservation through indigenous agricultural practices: Woody species composition, density and diversity along an altitudinal gradient of Northern Ethiopia. Cogent Food & Agriculture 2019, 5 (1), 1700744.
Ghahraman, A., Colorful Flora of Iran. The Research Institute of Forest and Pastures, Tehran, 1979-1998. (In Persian)
Gong, H.; Yu, T.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, P.; Han, J.; Gao, J., Effects of boundary constraints and climatic factors on plant diversity along an altitudinal gradient. Global Ecology and Conservation 2019, 19, e00671.
Gopal, B.; Bhardwaj, N., Elements of ecology. Stosius Incorporated/Advent Books Division: 1979.
Habashi, H.; Hosseini, S.M., Mohammadi, J., Rahmani, R., Stand structure and spatial pattern of trees in mixed Hyrcanian Beech forests of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research2007, 15 (1), 55-64. (In Persian)
Hill, M. O., Diversity and evenness: a unifying notation and its consequences. Ecology 1973, 54 (2), 427-432.
Irl, S. D.; Harter, D. E.; Steinbauer, M. J.; Gallego Puyol, D.; Fernández‐Palacios, J. M.; Jentsch, A.; Beierkuhnlein, C., Climate vs. topography–spatial patterns of plant species diversity and endemism on a high‐elevation island. Journal of Ecology 2015, 103 (6), 1621-1633.
Kaufmann, S.; Hauck, M.; Leuschner, C., Comparing the plant diversity of paired beech primeval and production forests: Management reduces cryptogam, but not vascular plant species richness. Forest Ecology and Management 2017, 400, 58-67.
Laliberte, E.; Wells, J. A.; DeClerck, F.; Metcalfe, D. J.; Catterall, C. P.; Queiroz, C.; Aubin, I.; Bonser, S. P.; Ding, Y.; Fraterrigo, J. M., Land‐use intensification reduces functional redundancy and response diversity in plant communities. Ecology letters 2010, 13 (1), 76-86.
Magurran, A. E., Ecological diversity and its measurement. Princeton university press: 1988.
Mattaji, A.; Babaikafaki, S., Investigation on plant associations and physiographical situation to draw plant associations profile in north of Iran (Case study: Kheiroudkenar forest - Noshahr). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research2006, 14 (3), 258-268. (In Persian)
McCune, B.; Mefford, M.J., 1999. PC-ORD, Multivariate Analysis of Ecological Data, Version 4, MjM Software Design. Glenden Beach.Oregon, USA.
McNab, W. H.; Browning, S. A.; Simon, S. A.; Fouts, P. E., An unconventional approach to ecosystem unit classification in western North Carolina, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 1999, 114 (2-3), 405-420.
Mirbadin, A.; Siahipour baladeh, Z.,Amanzadeh, B.,Hemmatti, A., Khanjani Shirazi, B., Determination of diameter growth of beech in north of Iran (Guilan province). Iranian Forest and Poplar Research2001, 7, 101-129. (In Persian)
Mozaffarian, V., A Dictionary of Iranian Plant Names. Farhang Moaser, Tehran, 1996; p 198. (In Persian)
Mueller Dombois, D.; Ellenberg, H., Aims and methods of vegetation ecology. 1974.
Nogué, S.; Rull, V.; Vegas‐Vilarrúbia, T., Elevational gradients in the neotropical table mountains: patterns of endemism and implications for conservation. Diversity and Distributions 2013, 19 (7), 676-687.
Pakeman, R. J.; Marriott, C. A., A functional assessment of the response of grassland vegetation to reduced grazing and abandonment. Journal of Vegetation Science 2010, 21 (4), 683-694.
Parker, K. C., Topography, substrate, and vegetation patterns in the northern Sonoran Desert. Journal of Biogeography 1991, 151-163.
Peet, R. K., The measurement of species diversity. Annual review of ecology and systematics 1974, 5 (1), 285-307.
Rechinger, K.H., Flora Iranica, Vol. 1-173. Akademische Druck und Verlagsanstalt press, Garz. 1963-1998.
Sagheb-Talebi, K.; Pourhashemi, M.; Sajedi, T., Forests of Iran: A Treasure from the Past, a Hope for the Future. Springer: 2014.
Shabanirad, B.; Pilehvar, B.; Jafari Sarabi, H.; Veiskaramii, G., Floristic composition and plant communities along an altitude gradient in Quercus brantii forests. Journal of Forest Research and Development 2020, 6 (1), 57-74.
Sharma, N.; Behera, M. D.; Das, A. P.; Panda, R. M., Plant richness pattern in an elevation gradient in the Eastern Himalaya. Biodiversity and Conservation 2019, 28 (8), 2085-2104.
Singh, D.; Sharma, A.; Sharma, N., Composition, richness and floristic diversity along an elevational gradient in a semi-disturbed treeline ecotone, Bhaderwah, Jammu and Kashmir. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 2019, 11 (1), 23-34.
Zahedi Amiri, GH.; Mohammadi Limaei, S., The Relationship between Plant Ecological Groups in Grassland with Habitat Factors (Case Study: Neka middle elevation Forests), Iranian Journal of Natural Resources2002, 55 (3), 353-341. (In Persian)
Zamani, S. M.; Zolfaghari, R.; Alvaninejad, S., Evaluation of biodiversity, life form and chorology in ecological groups of Dena conserved area forests. Journal of Forest Research and Development 2019, 4 (4), 435-447.
Zhang, P.; Shao, M. a.; Zhang, X., Spatial pattern of plant species diversity and the influencing factors in a Gobi Desert within the Heihe River Basin, Northwest China. Journal of Arid Land 2017, 9 (3), 379-393.
)