پاسخ‌های رویشی و فیزیولوژیکی نهال‌های ارغوان در مواجهه با تنش کم‌‌آبی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

2 استاد، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران

چکیده

برای بررسی تأثیر تنش خشکی بر ویژگی‌های رویشی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی نهال ارغوان، آزمایشی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار سطح آبیاری شامل 75 (تنش ملایم)، 50 (تنش متوسط) و 25 (تنش شدید) درصد ظرفیت زراعی و شاهد (100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) در شرایط گلخانه‌ای انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد تنش خشکی شدید موجب کاهش شدید در صفات رویشی مانند رویش ارتفاعی نهال (8/86 درصد) تعداد برگ و زیست­‌توده تر و خشک کل به­ترتیب به مقدار 93، 2/46 و 8/44 درصد شد، اما رویش حجمی ریشه (1034 درصد) افزایش یافت. همچنین تنش خشکی تمامی شاخص‌های تبادلات گازی و رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی را تحت تأثیر قرار داد، به‌طوری­که در سطح 25 درصد ظرفیت زراعی سبب کاهش قابل توجهی در مقدار فتوسنتز (20/1 میکرومول دی‌اکسید کربن بر مترمربع در ثانیه)، تعرق (65/0 میلی‌مول بر مترمربع در ثانیه)، هدایت روزنه‌ای (2/106 میلی‌مول بر مترمربع در ثانیه) و مزوفیلی (0088/0 میلی‌مول بر مترمربع در ثانیه)، غلظت دی‌اکسید کربن درون سلولی (2/134 میلی‌مول دی‌اکسید کربن بر متر مربع در ثانیه) و کارآیی کربوکسیلاسیون (0112/0 میکرومول دی‌اکسید کربن بر مول آب) شد. مقدار رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی (کلروفیل a، b، کلروفیل کل و کارتنوئید) نیز در سطح تنش 25 درصد ظرفیت زراعی، کاهش چشم­گیری نشان دادند (به­ترتیب 07/4، 96/1، 03/6 و 23/1 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر). با توجه به ارزیابی‌های فوق، به نظر می‌رسد گونه ارغوان می‌تواند تنش خشکی تا 75 درصد ظرفیت زراعی را تحمل کند، اما در صورت کاهش مقدار آب تا حد آستانه 25 درصد، رشد و عملکرد آن به­شدت تحت تأثیر قرار می‌گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Vegetative and physiological responses of purple seedlings to water stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Saeidi Abueshaghi 1
  • Babak Pilehvar 2
  • Sayed Vahid Sayedena 3
1 M.Sc. of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khoram Abad, I. R. Iran
2 Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khoram Abad, I. R. Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lorestan University, Khoram Abad, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

To investigate the effect of drought stress on the vegetative, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of purple seedlings, an experiment was conducted in the form of a completely randomized design with four levels of irrigation including 75% (mild stress), 50% (medium stress) and 25% (severe stress) of the field capacity (FC) and the control (100% FC) in greenhouse conditions. The results showed that severe drought stress significantly reduced vegetative traits such as seedling height growth (86.8%), the number of leaves, and total fresh and dry biomass by 93%, 46.2%, and 44.8%, respectively, but increased root volumetric growth (1034%). Also, drought stress affected all parameters of gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments. So that at the level of 25% FC, it caused a significant decrease in the rate of photosynthesis (1/20 µmolCo2m-2s-1), transpiration (0/65 mmolm-2s-1), stomatal conductance (106/2 mmolm-2s-1) and mesophilic (0/0088 mmolm-2s-1), intracellular carbon dioxide concentration (134/2 mmolCO2 m-2s-1) and carboxylation efficiency (0/00112 µmolCO2 mol-1H2O). The amount of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids) also showed a significant decrease at 25% FC (4.07, 1.96, 6.03 and 1.23 mg g-1 FW, respectively.). Also, drought stress increased the amount of proline and soluble sugar and showed the highest values at the level of 25% FC (respectively, 1.348 µmol g-1 FW of proline and 41.51 mg g-1 FW of soluble sugar). According to the above evaluations, it seems that the purple variety can tolerate drought stress up to 75% FC without causing damage to the plant tissue, but if the amount of water is reduced to the threshold of 25% FC, its growth and performance will be severely affected.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Carboxylation efficiency
  • Chlorophyll a
  • Mesophilic conductivity
  • Photosynthesis
  • Proline
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