امکان‌سنجی پایش زیستی فلزات سنگین توسط گونه‌های چوبی مناطق شهری

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش به بررسی توان زیست­پالایی گونه­­های درختی چنار، زبان­گنجشک و کاج در خصوص فلزات کادمیوم، نیکل، سرب در پارک­های شهر همدان می­پردازد. پس از نمونه­برداری مرکب از برگ شسته­نشده گونه­های مورد بررسی و خاک در 11 پارک و بوستان مورد پژوهش، نمونه­ها ابتدا خشک و سپس هضم اسیدی شده و در آخر غلظت فلزات توسط دستگاه جذب اتمی اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج غلظت فلزات سرب و نیکل بیش از مقادیر موجود در پوسته زمین و غلظت فلزات کادمیوم و نیکل بیشتر از میانگین جهانی غلظت فلزات در خاک شهرها به­دست آمد. از سوی دیگر بیشترین مقدار غلظت فلزات کادمیوم، سرب و روی به­ترتیب در برگ چنار و عنصر نیکل در برگ زبان­گنجشک بود. در حالت کلی غلظت فلزات در برگ­های نشسته بیشتر از برگ­های شسته­شده ارزیابی شد. در این راستا همبستگی مثبت و معنی­داری بین مقدار فلزات در خاک محل رویش درختان با غلظت آن­ها در برگ وجود داشت. با توجه به نتایج فاکتور تغلیظ زیستی می­توان گفت گونه چنار شاخص زیستی مناسب­تری برای زیست­ردیابی آلودگی فلزات سنگین به­خصوص کادمیوم است. در نهایت با توجه به نتایج حاصل لزوم توجه به استقرار گونه­های انباشت­گر در بوستان­های شهری مطرح شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The feasibility of biomonitoring of heavy metals by wooden species of urban areas

نویسندگان [English]

  • Samar Mortazavi 1
  • Farhad Ghasemi Aghbash 2
  • Reza Naderi Motiy 3
1 Assistant Professor, Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Malayer University, Malayer, I. R. Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Rangeland and Watershed Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Malayer University, Malayer, I. R. Iran
3 M.Sc. of Forestry, Rangeland and Watershed Department, Malayer University, Malayer, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

The present study aims to investigate the potential of biodegradation of cadmium, nickel, lead and zinc metals by Plane, Ash and Pine wood species in Hamedan parks. After composed sampling of the unwashed leaves and soil in the 11 parks, the samples were dried, acidified, and finally, the concentration of metals were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The results of concentration of lead and nickel metals were higher than those in the earth's crust and the concentration of cadmium and nickel metals more than the global mean concentration of metals in urban soils. On the other hand, the highest concentrations of cadmium, lead and zinc were found in Plane leaf and nickel element in Ash leaf. In general, the concentration of metals from unwashed leaves were more than washed ones. In this regard, there was a positive and significant correlation between the amounts of metals in the soil at the site of tree growth with their concentration in leaves. According to the results of bioconcentration factors, it can be said that the Plane species is more suitable for biodegradation of heavy metal contamination, especially cadmium. Finally, due to the results, it is necessary to pay attention to the establishment of cumulative species in urban gardens.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ash
  • Heavy Metals
  • Monitoring
  • Pine
  • Plane
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