ارزش غذایی برگ‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده از برخی درختان جنگلی برای تأمین بخشی از نیاز غذایی ‏دام

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه علوم دامی، مجتمع آموزش عالی تربت‌جام، تربت‌جام، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه‌ و تعیین ارزش غذایی برگ‌های جمع‌آوری­شده از پنج گونه درخت جنگلی شامل زبان­گنجشک (Fraxinus excelsior)، کاج تهران (Pinus eldarica)، زالزالک زرد (Crataegus azarolus)، توت سفید (Morus alba) و بید سفید (Salix alba) انجام شد. برخی ترکیبات شیمیایی-معدنی، فراسنجه‌های تولید گاز، ظرفیت بافری و نیز برخی فراسنجه‌های تخمیری بر اساس روش‌های استاندارد آزمایشگاهی تعیین شدند. داده‌های این پژوهش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی آنالیز آماری شدند. تفاوت آماری معنی‌داری در بین تمام فراسنجه‌های اندازه‌گیری­شده، مشاهده شد (05/0>P). پروتئین خام برگ‌ها از 30/8 درصد برای کاج تا 50/18 درصد برای توت سفید متغیر بود. مقدار NDF (03/53 درصد)، ADF (48/38 درصد)، ADL (67/16 درصد) و CF (01/35 درصد) در کاج از بیشترین مقدار برخوردار بود (05/0>P). گونۀ توت سفید از بیشترین مقدار خاکستر، نیتروژن، کلسیم، منیزیم و سدیم برخوردار بوده، در حالی‌که گونۀ بید از بیشترین مقدار روی برخوردار بود (05/0>P). بالاترین فراسنجه‌های مربوط به تولید گاز (به­جز ثابت نرخ تولید گاز)، قابلیت هضم حقیقی ماده‌خشک و ماده آلی، DMI، انرژی قابل متابولیسم، اسیدهای چرب فرار کوتاه­زنجیر، اسیدیتۀ قابل­تیتر و pH مربوط به هر برگ، در توت سفید مشاهده شد (05/0>P). کاج نیز از بالاترین ظرفیت بافری اسید-باز (23/206 میلی‌اکی‌والان گرم×3-10) برخوردار بود (05/0>P). نتایج نشان داد که هر یک از برگ‌های مورد پژوهش، حاوی مقادیر متناسبی از مواد مغذی بوده و در صورت گنجاندن آن‌ها در جیرۀ نشخوارکنندگان کوچک، می‌توانند بخش قابل­توجهی از نیاز روزانه به مواد مغذی مختلف را برآورده سازند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Nutritional value of some forest tree leaves to meet partial nutritional requirements of ‎livestock

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohsen Kazemi
Assistant Prof., Department of Animal Science, Higher Education Complex of Torbat-e Jam, Torbat-e Jam, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to compare and determine the nutritional value of leaves collected from five forest tree species including Fraxinus excelsior, Pinus eldarica, Crataegus azarolus, Morus alba, and Salix alba. Some chemical-mineral compounds, gas production parameters, buffering capacity as well as some fermentation parameters were determined according to the standard laboratory methods. Data were analyzed using a completely randomized design. A significant difference was observed among all measured parameters (p < 0.05). The crude protein contents of leaves ranged from 8.30% for P. eldarica to 18.50% for M. alba. The contents of NDF (53.03%), ADF (38.48%), ADL (16.67%), and CF (35.01%) were highest in P. eldarica (p < 0.05). M. alba had the highest ash, nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, and sodium, while S. alba had the highest Zinc (p < 0.05). The gas production parameters (exception constant rate of gas production), true organic matter and dry matter digestibility, DMI, metabolism energy, short-chain fatty acids, titrable acidity, and pH belonged to each leaf, were highest in M. alba (p < 0.05). P. eldarica also had the highest (p < 0.05) acid-base buffering capacity (206.23 meq×10-3). The each of leaves has been revealed to contain an appreciable amount of nutrients which can be included in the diets of small ruminants to meet their daily nutrient requirements.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fermentation parameters
  • Jungle
  • Leaf
  • Nutrient
  • Tree‎
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