مکان‌یابی دپوهای چوب و مسیر عبور جاده‌های جنگلی به‌کمک تئوری گراف ‏(بررسی موردی: سری دو طرح جنگلداری دکتر بهرام‌نیا)‏

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران

2 استاد، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران‏

3 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت جنگل، دانشکده علوم جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان‏، ایران

چکیده

هدف از انجام این پژوهش انتخاب کم­هزینه­ترین گراف از طریق مکان­یابی کم­هزینه­ترین دپوهای چوب (گره­ها) و مسیر عبور شبکه جاده (پیوندها) برای تکمیل شبکه جاده­های سری دو طرح جنگلداری دکتر بهرام­نیا در استان گلستان بود. بدین­منظور در سال 1396 ارزش هر گره و پیوند برای 36 گراف پیشنهادی در واحدهای بهره­برداری محاسبه شد. هزینه کل چوب­کشی برای هر گره با بهره­گیری از مدلی با متغیرهای زمان کل صرف­­­شده برای یک نوبت چوب­کشی، نرخ اجاره اسکیدر، تعداد کل نوبت­های چوب­کشی، فاصله چوب­کشی، تعداد گرده­بینه­ها (بر اساس سیاهه لیست نشانه­گذاری)، متوسط فاصله وینچینگ و طول گرده­بینه (8/2 متر برای گرده­بینه­های صنعتی) به­دست آمد. بعد از شناسایی کم­هزینه­ترین گره­ها، اتصالات بین­ آن­ها از طریق پیوند­ها برقرار شد. هزینه ساخت هر پیوند با بهره­گیری از مدلی با متغیرهای طول پیوند، شیب طولی پیوند، شیب عرضی دامنه و هزینه واحد جاده­سازی برآورد شد. هزینه کل بهره­برداری از مجموع هزینه­ گره­ها و پیوند­ها به­دست آمد. یافته­های پژوهش نشان داد که به ­کمک تئوری گراف و کمینه­سازی هزینه­ها، بهترین گره­ها در فاصله­ای نزدیک به درختان نشانه­گذاری­شده و بهترین پیوندها در شیب­های ملایم واقع شدند. گراف پیشنهادی 2 به­عنوان بهترین گزینه انتخاب شد. هزینه کل چوب­کشی برای گره­ها و هزینه ساخت پیوند­های این گراف به­ترتیب 9697700 و 349095000 ریال بود. طول کل و هزینه کل بهره­برداری گراف برگزیده به­ترتیب 532 متر و 358792700 ریال بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Locating log depots and routes of forest roads using graph theory (Case study: Designed roads in ‎district two of Bahramnia forestry plan)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Aidin Parsakhoo 1
  • Majid Lotfalian 2
  • Aiub rezaee motlagh 3
1 Associate ‎ Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forest Resources, Gorgan University of ‎‎Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan‎, I. R. Iran
2 Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Agricultural Sciences and ‎Natural Resources of Sari, Sari, I. R. Iran
3 Ph.D. student of forest management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Gorgan University of Agricultural ‎Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan‎, I. R. Iran‎
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to select the lowest cost graph through locating cost-benefit depots (nodes) and road segments (links) to complete the road network in the second district in the Bahramnia forestry plan in Golestan province. In 2017, the value of each link and node was calculated for 36 candidate roads in cutting areas. The total cost of skidding for each node was estimated using a model with variables of consumed time for each skidding cycle, rate of skidder rent, number of skidding cycle, number of logs (trees marking list), skidding and winching distances as well as the length of logs (2.8 meters for industrial logs). After determining the cost-benefit nodes, their connections were provided by links. The cost of construction for each link was calculated using a model with various variables includes the length and longitudinal gradient of links, the side slope of terrain and unit cost of link construction. However, the total harvesting cost was obtained based on the total cost of links and nodes. Our findings indicated that by using the graph theory and the cost minimization approach, the most appropriate nodes and links were located close to marked trees and low slopes. Therefore, the proposed second graph was chosen as the optimal variant. The total skidding cost of depots and construction cost of optimal graph were 262.14 Rial and 17.73 Rial m-1, respectively. The total length and harvesting cost of the optimal graph were estimated at 532 m and 9697.14 Rial, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Forest road
  • Log depot
  • Lowest-cost graph
  • Link
  • Node
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