بررسی بهینه‌سازی توزیع و حمل‌و‌نقل چوب خام با رویکردی بر حمل‌و‌نقل ریلی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل،دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری

2 گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران.

3 عضو هیات علمی گروه جنگلداری دانشگاه لرستان

4 دانشکده جنگلداری، دانشگاه زاگرب، زاگرب، کروواسی.

چکیده

هدف اصلی این تحقیق یافتن یک سیستم بهینه توزیع و حمل‌و‌نقل چوب در کشور ایران با تاکید بر شبکه ریلی است. بدین منظور یک مدل توزیع و حمل‌و‌نقل سیمپلکس برای هفت گروه چوب خام در نرم افزارGAMS 24.1.3 ایجاد شد. الگوی مورد استفاده در این بهینه­سازی از نوع حمل‌و‌نقل ساده است، افق برنامه­ریزی یک ساله و روش حمل‌و‌نقل نیز به دو صورت جاده­ای و جاده­ای-ریلی است. نتایج نشان داد که بعد از بهینه­سازی، در روش جاده­ای-ریلی، 86/6 درصد معادل 194354 تن از کل چوب توسط شبکه ریلی و 14/93 درصد معادل 2637093 تن توسط شبکه جاده­ای جابجا می‌شود، که هزینه کل حمل‌و‌نقل را به مقدار 02/24 درصد نسبت به شرایط موجود کاهش می‌دهد. در روش حمل‌و‌نقل جاده­ای نیز هزینه کل 31/22 درصد نسبت به شرایط موجود کاهش می­یابد. این کاهش هزینه در هر دو روش مربوط به توزیع بهینه چوب از مبادی توزیع به مبادی دریافت­کننده و انتخاب مناسب ناوگان باری بر اساس وزن بار به تن و شعاع ارسال است. به‌صورتی که در شرایط بهینه مسافت حمل‌و‌نقل در روش جاده­ای-ریلی 36/45 درصد و در روش جاده­ای 42/43 درصد و تعداد بار نیز به ترتیب 77/34 و 04/29 درصد نسبت به شرایط قبل از بهینه­سازی کاهش خواهد یافت. با توجه به مقدار بالای مصرف چوب در کشور و نیز اهمیت بهبود شاخص­های بهره­وری در زمینه هزینه جابه­جایی بار بعنوان یکی از اهداف استراتژیک بخش حمل‌ونقل در سال­های پیش‌رو، نیاز به شناخت و ایجاد زنجیره توزیع و حمل‌و‌نقل بهینه چوب امری قابل توجه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of wood distribution and transportation network with emphasis on rail ‎transport

نویسندگان [English]

  • saba peyrov 1
  • majid lotfalian 2
  • kamran adeli 3
  • tibor pentek 4
1 Forest Science and Engineering Department, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.
2 Department of Forest Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.
3 Lorestan university
4 Department of Forest Engineering, Forestry Faculty of Zagreb University, Zagreb, Croatia
چکیده [English]

The main purpose of this study is determination of optimal wood distribution and transportation Network in Iran with emphasis on railways. For this purpose, a simple distribution and transportation model was created for seven groups of wood in GAMS 24.1.3 software. This transportation model is simple, the planning horizon is one year and the transportation method is both road and road-rail. The results showed that after optimization, in the road-rail method, 6.86% of total wood will be transported by rail network and 93.14% will be transported by road network. This method reduces the total cost of transportation by 24.02% compared to the actual conditions in the road transport method. In the road method, after optimization, the total cost is reduced by 22.31%. This cost reduction in both methods is related to the optimal distribution of wood from the distribution bases to the receiving bases and the appropriate selection of the cargo fleet based on the tonnage of the load and the radius of shipment. In the optimal transportation distance in the road-rail method 45.36% and in the road method 43.42% and the number of loads respectively 34.77 and 29.04% compared to the conditions Non-optimal will be reduced. Given the high rate of wood consumption in Iran and the importance of improving productivity indicators in the field of freight costs as one of the strategic goals of the transportation sector in the coming years, the need to recognize and create a chain of distribution and optimal transportation of wood is remarkable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cargo fleet
  • Load tonnage
  • Simplex Algorithm
  • Transportation Cost‎

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پژوهش و توسعه جنگل
دوره 7، شماره 3
آذر 1400
صفحه 427-441

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