تغییرات عناصر ماکرو و میکرو در خاک و برگ نهال‌های توسکا ییلاقی تحت تأثیر تنش غرقابی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، مازندران، ایران

2 دکتری جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران‏

3 استاد جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران‏

4 کارشناسی‌ارشد جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران‏

چکیده

تغییر در رژیم­های غرقابی منجر به کاهش گسترده در عملکرد اکوسیستم­های می­شود. غرقابی با تغییر ساختار خاک، تخلیه اکسیژن، تجمع دی اکسید­کربن، ایجاد شرایط بی­هوازی در خاک، توسعه پوسیدگی ریشه، از بین رفتن قارچ­های میکوریزی و کاهش متابولیسم ریشه، خاک را تحت تأثیر قرار داده و در نتیجه سبب تجزیه بی­هوازی مواد آلی و تغییر در غلظت عناصر غذایی خاک و برگ گیاهان می­شود. در این تحقیق، تغییرات غلظت عناصر غذایی ماکرو و میکرو در خاک و برگ نهال­های توسکا ییلاقی تحت تأثیر تنش غرقابی خاک در طول 120 روز در یک آزمایش میدانی بررسی شد. نهال­ها در معرض سه تیمار شاهد، غرقابی تا سه و 15 سانتی­متر بالای سطح خاک قرار گرفتند و در پایان دوره، غلظت عناصر ماکرو و میکرو در خاک و برگ اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که غرقابی تأثیری روی مقدار کلسیم، منیزیم، روی و کربن آلی خاک نداشت، اما سبب کاهش نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاسیم و افزایش غلظت آهن و منگنز خاک شد، اگرچه این افزایش به اندازه­ای نبود که سبب سمیت خاک شود. در شرایط غرقابی غلظت نیتروژن، فسفر، پتاسیم، کلسیم، کربن آلی، منیزیم و روی در برگ نهال­­ها کاهش یافت، اما غلظت آهن و منگنز برگ نهال­ها تا حد زیان­آور افزایش یافته بود. همچنین بین اغلب عناصر خاک و برگ همبستگی مثبت و معنی­دار وجود داشت. به­طور کلی شرایط غرقابی سبب تغییر غلظت بیشتر عناصر در خاک و برگ نهال­های توسکا ییلاقی شد، که یک پدیده معمول در شرایط کمبود اکسیژن در خاک به­دلیل تنش غرقابی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Variations of Macro and Micro Nutrient Concentration in Soil and Leaf of Alnus subcordata (L.) ‎Seedlings under Flooding Stress

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atena Kianmehr 1
  • Ehsan Ghanbary 2
  • GhasemAli Parad 2
  • Masoud Tabari 3
  • Zahra Boor 4
1 Ph.D. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Agriculture and Natural Resource University of Sari, ‎Mazandaran, I. R. Iran‎
2 Ph.D. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modarres University, Mazandaran, I. R. Iran‎
3 Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, I. R. Iran‎
4 M.Sc. of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences Noor, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, ‎I. R. Iran‎
چکیده [English]

Changes in flooding regime have resulted in widespread declines in ecosystem functioning Flooding affects soils by altering soil structure, depleting O2, accumulating CO2, inducing anaerobic condition in soil, development of root rot, loss of mycorrhizae, and reductions in root metabolism, leads anaerobic decomposition of organic matter, and changing macro and micro elements of soil and leaf. In this experiment, the variations of macro and micro nutrient concentration in soil and leaf of Alnus subcordata (L.) seedlings under soil flooding stress were investigated during a 120-day outdoor experiment. Seedlings were subjected to three fixed treatments: 1) unflooded; 2) flooded to 3 cm depth and 3) flooded to 15 cm depth and their macro and micro nutrient concentration in leaf and soil were measured at the end of the experiment. Results indicated flooding had no effect on the concentration of Mg, Ca, Zn and organic C soil, while the concentration of P, N and K decreased and the concentration of Fe and Mn increased in the soil by flooding, although did not result in toxicity of elements of soil. In leaves of flooded seedlings, the concentrations of N, P, K, Zn, Ca, Mg and organic C decreased, but the concentrations of Mn and Fe increased to a detrimental level. In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between most of elements in soil and leaf. Generally, the results indicated that flooding changed the concentration of much elements in leaf and soil seedlings of A. subcordata that it is a current phenomenon in anaerobic condition of soil caused by flooding.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anaerobic
  • nitrogen
  • nutrient elements
  • organic carbon
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