کاربرد شاخص های‎ DEI ‎و ‏‎ MEIدر ارزیابی تأثیر قطعه قطعه شدن رویشگاه های بلوط بر تنوع گونه ای و ‏ویژگی های شیمیایی خاک

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداری؛ دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشیار‎ ،‎گروه‎ ‎جنگلداری،‎ ‎دانشکده‎ ‎منابع‎ ‎طبیعی،‎ ‎دانشگاه‎ ‎ارومیه،‎ ‎ارومیه، ایران

3 مربی پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه

4 مربی پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات جنگل ها ومراتع . مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه

5 مربی، دانشکده مطالعات محیطی، دانشگاه ‏Saint Mary's، هالیفاکس، کانادا

چکیده

برای معرفی و کاربرد شاخص­هایDEI  (Distance of Edge Influence) برای تعیین فاصله­ اثر حاشیه­ای  و MEI (Magnitude of Edge Influence) برای تعیین شدت اثر حاشیه­ای جنگل بر گونه­های علفی و ویژگی­های شیمیایی خاک، سه قطعه­ جنگلی (زیر 10 هکتار)از جنگل­های بلوط استان کرمانشاه­ با شرایط مشابه از نظر شیب، جهت و ارتفاع از سطح دریا انتخاب شد. در هر قطعه سه ترانسکت 150 متری با فاصله­ 200 متر در جهت شیب پیاده شد (اولین ترانسکت به­صورت تصادفی پیاده شد). اندازه­گیری پوشش علفی و ویژگی­های شیمیایی خاک در فواصل 0، 25، 50، 100 و 150 متر انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد مقادیر شاخص MEI برای متغیرهای خاک (غیر از نیتروژن، کربن آلی و pH) مثبت بود. همچنین مقادیر این شاخص برای غنا گونه­ای، تنوع شانون وینر و یکنواختی مثبت بود. مقادیر شاخص DEI برای متغیرهای خاک غیر از pH برابر با 25 متر و برای شاخص­های تنوع برابر با 50 متر بود. تأثیر حاشیه بر غنا گونه­ای، تنوع شانون­وینر و یکنواختی معنی­دار بود. متغیرهای خاک (غیر از فسفر) تفاوت معنی­داری را در فواصل مختلف از حاشیه نشان ندادند. همچنین تغییرات غنا و مشخصات شیمیایی خاک در این جنگل­ها در فاصله­ 50-0 متر دیده ­شد. به­طور کلی در جنگل­های تنک بلوط، فرآیند قطعه­قطعه شدن و اثر حاشیه­ای بر غنا و مشخصات شیمیایی خاک تأثیر می­گذارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of DEI and MEI indices to evaluate the effect of fragmentation in oak ‎habitats on species diversity and soil chemical characteristics

نویسندگان [English]

  • gelareh valadi 1
  • Javad Eshaghirad 2
  • Yahya Khodakarami 3
  • Mostafa Nemati Peykani 4
  • Karen Harper 5
1 Ph.D. student of Forestry, Department of Forestry. Faculty of Natural Resources Urmia University, I. R. Iran‎
2 Associate professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural ‎Resources, Urmia University. I. R. Iran‎
3 Senior Research Expert, Forests and Rangelands research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and ‎Natural Resources. Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kermanshah, I. R. Iran‎
4 Senior Research Expert, Forests and Rangelands research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and ‎Natural Resources. Research and Education Center, AREEO, Kermanshah. I. R. Iran‎
5 Adjunct Professor, School for Environmental Studies, Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Canada
چکیده [English]

In order to introduce and application of DEI (Distance of Edge Influence) and MEI (Magnitude of Edge Influence) indices to determine the distance of edge effect and intensity of the edge effect on herbaceous species and soil chemical properties, Three forest fragments (under 10 hectares) from oak forests of Kermanshah province were selected with similar conditions in terms of slope, direction and altitude. In each fragment three transects were established from the edge to the forest interior. Measurements of vegetation and soil variables were collected at 0 (edge), 25, 50, 100, 150 m along each transect. The results showed that MEI index values ​​were positive for soil variables (except nitrogen, organic carbon and pH). The values ​​of this index were also positive for species richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity and Evenness. DEI index value ​​was 25 m for soil variables except pH and 50 m for diversity indices. The influence of edge on species richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity and Evenness was significant. Soil variables (except phosphorus) did not show significant differences at different distances from edge. Also, changes in species richness and soil chemical properties were observed in 0-50 m from edge. Totally, in sparse oak forests, fragmentation and edge effect had influence on species richness and soil chemical properties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • edge effect
  • forest fragment
  • herbaceous species
  • Zagros forest

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پژوهش و توسعه جنگل
دوره 7، شماره 3
آذر 1400
صفحه 375-386

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