برهم‌کنش عناصر غذایی، ‏pH‏ و پتانسیل اسمزی محیط کشت بر کالوس‌زایی و جنین‌زایی درخت پائولونیا در شرایط درون شیشه‌ای

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، ژنتیک و به‌نژادی گیاهی، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران ، ایران. ‏

2 دانشیار، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران ، ایران. ‏

3 دانشیار، گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران ، ایران.

چکیده

پائولونیا درختی تندرشد، صنعتی و زینتی با خواص دارویی است. این پژوهش برای بررسی پتانسیل اسمزی محیط کشت پایه MS تحت تأثیر عناصر درشت و ریز­مغذی انجام شد؛ همچنین تأثیر پتانسیل اسمزی روی القای کالوس، جنین سوماتیکی، باززایی، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانتی و تنوع سوماکلونال انجام شد. آزمایش، به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و شامل دو شاخص، ریزنمونه (برگ و دمبرگ) و 8 نوع محیط کشت حاوی ترکیبات مختلف عناصر محیط کشت همراه با ترکیبات مختلف تنظیم کننده‌های رشد گیاهی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد بالاترین میران القای کالوس، جنین‌زایی ‌سوماتیکی و باززایی در محیط‌هایی با یک دوم و یک چهارم برابر عناصر درشت مغذی محیط کشت MS مشاهده شد. با کاهش عناصر درشت­مغذی به‌ویژه منابع نیترات در محیط کشت، فعالیت آنتوسیانین، کلروفیل، تعداد جنین و پتانسیل اسمزی افزایش یافت. با این حال سرعت رشد کالوس و تنوع سوماکلونال کاهش یافت. در محیط کشت 8، کالوس‌ها و کالوس‌های‌جنین‌زا بدون سوختگی، شفاف، گیاهچه‌های باززا­شده شاداب‌تر و در برگ‌های گیاهچه‌ها بیشترین رنگ‌دانه‌ها مشاهده شد. در محیط‌های کشت MS کامل، القای کالوس، جنین‌سوماتیکی، پتانسیل اسمزی، آنتوسیانین و محتوای کلروفیل کاهش یافت، در­حالی­که سرعت رشد کالوس و تنوع سوماکلونال افزایش یافت.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Interaction of nutrients, pH and osmotic potential of culture medium on calli induction ‎‎and embryogenesis of Paulownia tree in vitro

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yasin Dumani 1
  • Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Mortazavian 2
  • Ali Izadi Darbandi 3
  • Hossaien Ramshini 3
1 M.Sc. of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of ‎Aburaihan, University of Tehran, I.R.Iran.‎
2 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Aburihan, University of Tehran, ‎I.R. Iran. ‎
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Aburihan, University of Tehran, ‎I.R. Iran. ‎
چکیده [English]

Paulownia is a fast-growing, industrial and ornamental tree with medicinal properties. The present study was performed to investigate the osmotic potential of MS basal culture medium under the effect of macronutrients and micronutrients. Also, the effect of osmotic potential on callus induction, somatic embryo, regeneration, antioxidant activity and somaclonal variation were investigated. The present experiment was carried out factorial in a completely randomized design with two factors, explants (leaves and petioles) and eight types of culture media containing different combinations of culture medium elements with different combinations of plant growth regulators (PGR). The results showed that the highest level of callus induction, somatic embryogenesis and regeneration were observed in media with one-half and one-quarter times the macronutrients of MS culture medium. Anthocyanin activity, chlorophyll content, embryo number and osmotic potential increased with decreasing macronutrients, especially nitrate sources in culture medium. However, callus growth rate and somaclonal variation decreased. In culture medium, calluses and embryogenic calluses without burns, transparent, regenerated seedlings were more vibrant and the most pigments were observed in the leaves of seedlings. In complete MS media, callus induction, somatic embryo, osmotic potential, anthocyanin, chlorophyll decreased. While callus growth rate and somaclonal variation increased.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anthocyanin
  • Callus induction
  • Osmotic potential
  • Somatic embryo
  • Somaclonal variation
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