نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کردستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، سنندج، ایران
2 دانشیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چار محال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد، ایران
3 استاد پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگل، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction and Objective: Zagros forests, as a second forest ecosystem in Iran. These forests have diverse ecosystem services and have a valuable position in terms of ecology, economy and society, and carbon storage. Tree species are one of the most important factors influencing soil characteristics through the production of litter and play an essential role in the carbon storage. Also, fine woody litter and coarse woody litter are very important to increace the carbon storage in forest soil. The purpose of this study is to investigate the trend of carbon storage of fine woody litter and coarse woody litter in the Marivan forests of Kurdistan province between 2019 to 2021 years.
Material and Methods: To do this research, a two-sample plot (one-hectare) was selected in Garan (protected and protected stands) and Dolah Naw (typical forests of the Marivan county). The research was do from 2019 to the end of September 2021, and to ensure the location of the center of the microplot, the location of the microplot was recorded and marked. At the end of September of each three years of the study, by implementing 10 micro-samples of 0.5 square meters. In order to measure the dry weight and carbon stock, the samples of small scraps and wood chips were placed in an oven at 104 degrees Celsius for 24 hours according to the ASABE S358.2 (2010) standard, and then the dry weight of the samples was immediately calculated. To measure the percentage of organic carbon in the samples of scrap and wood chips, the combustion method was used in an electric furnace, and the samples were placed for 4 hours at a temperature of 550-600 degrees Celsius, and after measuring the percentage of carbon, the percentage of carbon was calculated, and then it was calculated by multiplying the percentage of carbon by weight. After the samples were dry, the weight of carbon was calculated for each microplot (separated by carrion and wood chips). in each sample, fine woody litter and coarse woody litter were sampled and samples of scraps and pieces of wood are packed in the storage space and their dry weight, percentage moisture, carbon percentage and carbon storage amount are measured in the laboratory. Two-way analysis of variance test was used to compare carbon percentage, dry weight and carbon storage of fine woody litter and coarse woody litter, and the effect of two stands (site) and sampling period (two years of research include 2019 and 2021) on research parameters was investigated. Also, Duncan's intergroup comparison test was used to check and compare the research parameters in three sampling periods. Data analysis and statistical comparisons were done using SPSS 20 software.
Results: The finding showed that the dry weight of fine woody litter was 4.46, 2.89, and 4.94 tons per hectare in the years 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively, and the average fine woody litter in Garan site was higher than that of Dolah Naw. Garan site fine woody litter carbon was estimated as 1.878, 1.21, and 2.009 tons per hectare in the three years of study, and these values were higher than Doleh Naw site. The results of two-way analysis of variance showed that the difference in dry weight and carbon storage in two stands (site) was statistically significant. Also, the average dry weight of coarse woody litter in the sample plot of Garan in the years 2019, 2020 and 2021 was 0.456, 0.327 and 0.599 tons per hectare, respectively. 0.214, 0.178 and 0.322 tons per hectare were confirmed, and in total, the carbon storage of coarse woody litter in Garan habitat was more than that of Doleh Naw, and this difference was statistically significant. On the other hand, the average carbon percentage of fine woody litter in Garan sample plot in 2019, 2020 and 2021 was 42.07, 42.22 and 41.03%, respectively, and the carbon percentage of fine woody litter in Garan sample plot was more than Doleh Naw. Based on the two-way analysis of variance test for coarse woody litter, a significant difference was observed for the parameters of dry weight, carbon storage and carbon percentage of the samples in the years of statistical collection, but no significant effect was observed in the context of the site and the interaction effect of year × stands (site). In general, in the Garan site, the carbon storage of fine woody litter and coarse woody litter was estimated as 4.09 and 0.46 tons per hectare, respectively, which was more than Dolah Naw (with values of 3.55 and 0.39 tons per hectare). The highest carbon storage in fine woody litter and coarse woody litter occurred in the years 2021, 2019 and 2020, respectively. The general results showed that the amount of carcass dry weight and carbon storage in Garan site was 0.14 more than Dolah Naw site.
Conclusion: The general findings of the research showed that the average dry weight and carbon storage for fine woody litter and coarse woody litter in Garan stands (site) was higher than Doleh Naw stands and according to the positive effect of protection on the amount of carbon storage a fine woody litter and coarse woody litter; in order to optimally manage the study forests and other similar forests, it is suggested to manage and use protection in degraded areas. Forest restoration and development increased the amount of fine woody litter and coarse woody litter.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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