Effects of CBR+ nano materials on mechanical resistance and chemical characteristics of forest roads runoff

Document Type : Scientific article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry, Department of Natural Resources, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, I. R. Iran.

2 M.Sc. of Natural Resources Engineering, Nekachoob Company, Sari, I. R. Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, I. R. Iran.

4 PhD Student of Forest Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, I. R. Iran.

Abstract

In this study, Nano-polymer CBR PLUS is sued for soil stabilization in forest roads. Tests were carried out to identify the texture, Atterberg limits, compaction and CBR on the control and treated soil samples with different percentage of 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1%. In order to study the mechanical characteristics of upper layer, five plots including one control plot (untreated) and four sample plots were carried out on forest road. The results showed that the Nano-polymer reduced liquid and plastic limits. By increasing the percentage of CBR PLUS, the soil fine particles decreased in control and treated samples, in which that 1% treatment has the minimum content in weight percent of soil fine particles and maximum content in coarse particles compare to other treatments. Also soil treated with CBR PLUS, reduces the optimum moisture content and increases maximum dry density and California Bearing Capacity (CBR). Investigation of chemical properties showed that the amount of Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium increased in runoff. It was concluded that 1% of Nano-polymer CBR PLUS acted better in comparison with other treatments.

Keywords


- Abdi, E., H. Soofi Marvi & J. Fathi, 2012. Measuring the in situ California Bearing Ratio of a new constructed forest road using DCP, Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 20(2):183-193. (In Persian).
- Abadjieva, T., 2001. Chemical Stabilization for low cost roads in Botswana, Proceedings of First road transportation technology transfer conference in Africa Tanzania Ministry of Works, Tanzania.
- CBR PLUS, 2017. Soil stabilization & dust control for roads, "Technical information on soil stabilization using liquid chemical soil stabilizers", CBR PLUS North American Inc. #2-5136 Imperial Street Bumaby. BC V5J 1E2. Available from http://www.cbrplus.com.
- Farrokhi, F. & M. Saadati, 2015. The effect of CBR + on CBR and infiltration of clay and sulfated clay soil, Proceedings of 3th International Congress on Civil Engineering, Architecture & Urban Development, Shahid Beheshti University, Iran, 14 p.
- Foltz, R. B., N. S. Copeland & W. J. Elliot, 2009. Reopening abandoned forest roads in Northern Idaho, USA: Quantification of runoff, sediment concentration, infiltration, and interrill erosion parameters, Journal of Environmental Management, 90(8): 2542-2550.
- Honarzad, H. & H. Heidarian, 2015. Investigate the impact of nanotechnology on the CBR + clay soil erosion, Proceedings of 7th National Congress of Civil Engineering, Zahedan. (In Persian)
- Karami, M., M. Arabani & A. Hashemi, 2014. Evaluation of geotechnical properties of clay soils stabilized ionic liquid stabilizer, Proceedings of the First National Congress of Geotechnice, Ardebil. (In Persian).
- Kavak, A., G. Bilgen & U. Mutman, 2010. In-situ modification of a road material using a special polymer, Scientific Research and Essays, 5(7): 2547-2555.
- Hu, W. J., Q. S. Shang, S. T. Liu, Z. Z. Zhao, Z. J. Fan, X. C. Gao, Y. Chang, Y. Zhang & Q. C. Ou, 2007. The application technology of road packer solidified limestone soil, Proceedings of the 1th International Conference on Transportation Engineering. Chengdu, China, pp. 692-697.
- Majnounian, B. & B. Sadeghi, 2005. Determination of Optimum Lime Percent Content for Forest Road Soils Stabilization and Treatment in Namkhaneh District of Kheiroodkenar Research Forest, Journal of Iranian Natural Resources, 57(4): 663-673. (In Persian)
- Mallick, R. B. & T. El-Korchi, 2009. Pavement engineering: principle and practice, Second Edition. CRS Press, NewYork, 659 p.
- Mgangira, M. B., 2009. Evaluation of the effect of enzyme-based liquid chemical stabilizer on sub grade soils, Proceedings of The 28th southern African Transport Conference, South Africa.
- Mishra, E. N. K., 2012. Strength characteristics of clays sub-grade soil stabilization with fly-ash and lime for roadworks, Indian Geotechnical Journal, 4(7): 206-211.
- Mousavi, F., E. Abdi, A. R. Estabragh & B. Majnounian, 2014. Assessing the capability of polymer stabilizer in forest road stabilization (Case study: Kheyrud forest), Iranian Journal of Forest, 6(1): 1-10. (In Persian).
- Mousavi, F. & E. Abdi, 2016. The influence of polymeric materials on soil stabilization of forest road and reduce environmental disturbance, Iranian Journal of Forest, 7(4): 497-505.
- Parsakhoo, A. & H. Yazarlou, 2016. Effect of the longitudinal slope of trail and number of mule passes on forest soil compaction during wood transportation, Journal of Wood & Forest Science and Technology, 23(3): 309-327. (In Persian)
- Safari, A., 2010. Assess the optimum density of transport networks Fishnet forest roads (Series Vaston Mazandaran Province), Proceedings of the 5th National Conference of Civil Engineering Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. (In Persian)
- Santoni, R., J. Tingle & M. Nieves, 2005. Accelerated strength improvement of silty sand with Non-traditional additives, Journal of Transportation Research Board, 1936: 34-42.
- Sharma, N. K., S. K. Swain & U. C. Sahoo, 2012. Stabilization of a clayey soil with fly-ash and lime: a micro level investigation, Journal of Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 30(5): 1197-1205.
- Sheridan, G. J., P. J. Noske, P. N. J. Lane & C. B. Sherwin, 2008. Using rainfall simulation and site measurements to predict annual interrill erodibility and phosphorus generation rates from unsealed forest roads: Validation against in-situ erosion measurements, Catena, 73(1): 49-62
- Surdahl, R. W., J. H. Woll & H. R. Marquez, 2007. Stabilization and dust control at the Aires. National Wildlife Refuge, Transportation Research Record, 1(5): 312-321.
- Taherkhani, H., A. Hashemi & V. Sharifi, 2012. Evaluating the use of CBR PLUS for constructing the pavement layers from stabilized soils, Journal of Transportation Engineering, 3(4): 339-344. (In Persian).
- Taherkhani, H. & M. Javanmard, 2015. Comparison of the effects of cement, lime and CBR PLUS on reducing the swelling of clay soils, Geology Engineering Journal, 9(4): 3131-3150. (In Persian).
- Taherkhani, H., 2016. Investigation of Compressive Strength of Clay Soils Stabilized by Cement, Lime and CBR PLUS Nano- Polymer, Modares Civil Engineering Journal (M.C.E.J), 16(4): 161-173. (In Persian)
- Tingle, J. S., 2004. Emulsion polymers for soil stabilization, Proceedings of the FAA Worldwide Airport Technology Transfer conference, Atlantic city, New jersey, USA.
- Ziaie moayed, R., M. S. Mirsajadi & S. A. Hashemi, 2014. CBC sulfate ion exchange with a solution of clay soil stabilization and lime Plus, Proceedings of the 8th National Conference of Civil Engineering, Babol. (In Persian)
- Ziaie Moayed, R. & F. Allahyari, 2012. Determination of required ion exchange solution for stabilizing clayey soil with various PI, Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, pp. 1098-1102.