Effect of cow manure and vermicompost on increasing salt tolerance of golden rain tree

Document Type : Scientific article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran

2 MSc student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran

4 Assistant Professor, National Salinity Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran

Abstract

In this study, the effects of different levels of salt, cow manure and vermicompost on plant growth and increasing the salt tolerance of two years plants, were investigated. In a factorial experiment and completely randomized design (CRD), three levels of organic amendments (1- soil 2- 80% v/v soil + 20% v/v vermicompost, 3- 80% v/v soil + 20% v/v cow manure) and three levels of salinity (1, 4 and 7 dS.m-1) with three replications per treatments in greenhouse were applied. In this experiment, media without organic amendment was considered as control. Stress duration was three months. Results showed that increasing soil salinity levels progressively decreased the growth characteristics, chlorophyll, and fresh and dry weight of plant and increased activity of catalase and sodium and chloride absorption. Vermicomposte treatment better than control and cow manure increased fresh and dry weight of shoot, relative water content of leaves and potassium. The highest fresh and dry weight of shoots, were obtained in the moderate salinity level (4 ds/m) and vermicompost treatment by 239.83 and 143.53 g respectively. Using of cow manure and vermicompost in low level of salt (1 dS.m-1) did not show significant effect on sodium absorption.

Keywords


- Ahmadpour, R., S. R. Hosseinzadeh & N. Armand, 2016. Evaluation of Methanol role in reducing the negative effects of water deficit stress in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), Journal of Plant Process and Function, 5(17): 1-14.
- Aminifard, M. H., H. Aroiee, M. Azizi, H. Nemati & Z. E. Jaafar Hawa, 2012. The influence of compost on antioxidant activities and quality of hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.). 1st National Congress on Medicinal Plants. Kish Island, Iran, pp: 50.
- Amiri, H., A. Ismaili & S. R. Hosseinzadeh, 2017. Influence of vermicompost fertilizer and water deficit stress on morpho-physiological features of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L. cv. Karaj), Compost Science and Utilization, 25(3): 152-165.
- Ano, A. O. & J. A. Agwu, 2005. Effect of animal manure on selected soil chemical properties, Journal of Soil Science, 15(1): 14-19.
- Arndt, S. K., S. C. Clifford, W. Wanek, H. G. Jones & M. Popp, 2001. Physiological and morphological adaptations of the fruit tree Ziziphus rotundifolia in response to progressive drought stress, Tree Physiology, 21(11): 705-715.
- Beyk Khurmizi, A., A. Ganjeali, P. Abrishamchi & M. Parsa, 2010. The effect of vermicompost on salt tolerance of bean seedlings (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), Agroecology, 2(3): 474-485. (In Persian).
- Bilkis, M. R., M. H. Islam, R. Hafiz & M. A. Hasan, 2016. Effect of NaCl induced salinity on some physiological and agronomic traits of wheat, Pakistan Journal of Botany, 48(2): 455-460.
- Cakmak, I., 2005. The role of potassium in alleviating detrimental effects of abiotic stresses in plants, Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 168(4): 521-530.
- Emam, Y. & M. Zavareh, 2005. Drought tolerance in higher plants. First Edition, Nashre daneshgahi Press, Tehran, 187 p. (In Persian).
- Gholarata, M., F. Raiesii & H. Nadian, 2009. Investigation the interaction effects of salt and phosphorus on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of Trifolium alexandrinum L, Journal of agronomic research of Iran, 6: 117-125. (In Persian).
- Gong, H., X. Zhu, K. Chen, S. Wang & C. Zhang, 2005. Silicon alleviates oxidative damage of wheat plants in pots under drought, Plant Science, 169(2): 313-321.
- Heidari Sharifabad, H., 2001. Plant and salt. Research institute of forest and rangelands press, Tehran, Iran, 199 p. (In Persian).
- Hosseinzadeh, S. R., H. Amiri & A. Esameili, 2017. Effect of different levels of vermicompost on morphologic characteristics and concentration of elements of Cicer arietinum L. cv. Pirouz under water stress, Environmental Stresses in Crop Science, 10: 531-545.
- Hosseinzadeh, S. R., H. Amiri & A. Ismaili, 2016. Effect of vermicompost fertilizer on photosynthetic characteristics of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under drought stress, Photosynthetica, 54(1): 87-92.
- Hu, Y. C. & U. Schmidhalter, 2005. Drought and salinity: a comparison of their effects on mineral nutrition of plants, Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 168(4): 541-549.
- Huerta, E., O. Vidal, A. Jarquin, V. Geissen & R. Gomez, 2010. Effect of vermicompost on the growth and production of Amashito Pepper, Interactions with Earthworms and Rhizobacteria, Compost Science and Utilization, 18(4): 282-288.
- Jat, R. S. & I. P. S. Ahlawat, 2006. Direct and residual effect of vermicompost, biofertilizers and phosphorus on soil nutrient dynamics and productivity of chickpea-fodder maize sequence, Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 28(1): 41-54.
- Karakas, B., R. L. Bianco & M. Rieger, 2000. Association of marginal leaf scorches with sodium accumulation in salt-stressed peach, Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 35(1): 83-84.
- Kocheki, A., V. Hosseini & A. Hashemi Dezful, 2001. Sustainable agriculture. The University of Mashhad Press. 164 p. (In Persian).
- Lin, W. H., Z. W. Deng, H. M. Lei, H. Z. Fu & J. Li, 2002. Polyphenolic compounds from the leaves of Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm, Journal of Asian natural products research, 4(4): 287-295.
- Mahmoud, I., F. A. Moharram, M. S. Marzouk, H. S. Soliman & R. A. El-Dib, 2001. Two new flavonol glycosides from leaves of Koelreuteria paniculata, Die Pharmazie, 56(7): 580-582.
- Momenpour, A., D. Bakhshi, A. Imani & H. Rezaie, 2015. Effect of salinity stress on growth characteristics and concentrations of nutrition elements in almond ‘Shahrood 12’, ‘Touno’ cultivars and ‘1-16’ genotype budded on GF677 rootstock, Journal of Crops Improvement, 17(1): 197-216 (In Persian).
- Munns, R. & M. Tester, 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance, Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59: 651-681.
- Munns, R., 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress, Plant, Cell & Environment, 25(2): 239-250.
- Munns, R., P. A. Wallace, N. L. Teakle & T. D. Colmer, 2010. Measuring soluble ion concentrations (Na+, K+, Cl−) in salt-treated plants. pp: 371-382. In: Sunkar, R., (Ed.), Plant Stress Tolerance, Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, Springer, 386 p.
- Muscolo, A., F. Bovalo, F. Gionfriddo & F. Nardi, 1999. Earthworm humic matter produces auxin-like effects on Daucus carota cell growth and nitrate metabolism, Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 31(9): 1303-1311.
- Osuagwu, G. G. E., H. O. Edeoga & A. N. Osuagwu, 2010. The influence of water stress (drought) on the mineral and vitamin potential of the leaves of Ocimum gratissimum L., Recent Research in Science and Technology, 2(2): 27-33.
- Ahmad, R. & N. Jabeen, 2009. Demonstration of growth improvement in sunflower (Hellianthus annuus L.) by the use of organic fertilizers under saline conditions, Pakistan Journal of Botany, 41(3): 1373-1384.
- Rahbarian, R., R. Khavari-nejad, A. Ganjeali, A. R. Bagheri & F. Najafi, 2011. Drought stress effects on photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence and water relations in tolerant and susceptible chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes, Acta Biologica Cracoviensia, 53(1): 47-56.
- Ritchie, S. W., H. T. Nguyan & A. S. Holaday, 1990. Leaf Water content and gas exchange parameters of two wheat genotypes differing in drought resistance, Crop Science, 30(1): 105-111.
- Sallaku, G., I. Babaj, S. Kaciu & A. Balliu, 2009. The influence of vermicompost on plant growth characteristics of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings under saline conditions, Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 7(3&4): 869-872.
- Sutiashvili, M. G., 2000. Koelreuteria saponin B from seeds of Koelreuteria paniculata, Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 36(1): 99.
- Sabeti, H. A., 2000. Forests, Tress and Shrubs of Iran, Yazd University press, Yazd, Iran.
- Szczerba, M. W., D. T. Britto & H. J. Kronzucker, 2009. K+ transport in plants: physiology and molecular biology, Journal of Plant Physiology, 166(5): 447-466.
- Szczerba, M. W., D. T. Britto, K. D. Balkos & H. J. Kronzucker, 2008. NH4+-stimulated and - inhibited components of K+ transport in rice (Oryza sativa L.), Journal of Experimental Botany, 59(12): 3415-3423.
- Tabande Saravi, A., A. Rashtian & S. Naseh Dehbone, 2016. Effect of Salinity on germination and some seedling characteristics from three provenances of Amygdalus lycioides, Journal of Forest Research and Development, 2(2): 97-110.
- Tester, M. & R. Davenport, 2003. Na+ tolerance and Na+ transport in higher plants, Annals of Botany, 91(5): 503-505
- Walters, D. T., M. S. Aulakh & J. W. Doran, 1992. Effect of soil aeration, legume residue and soil texture on transformation of macro and micronutrients in soils, Soil Science, 153(2): 100-107.