اثر خصوصیات خاک و توپوگرافی بر پراکنش تیپ‌های گیاهی در جنگل‌های ارسباران‌

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، ایران

2 هیات علمی دانشگاه یزد

3 گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر عوامل محیطی بر تیپ‌های گیاهی در جنگل‌های ارسباران انجام شده است. برای در­نظر گرفتن شرایط مختلف، نمونه‌برداری‌ها بر اساس واحدهای شکل زمین انجام شد و اندازه قطعات­نمونه مربعی­شکل به روش حداقل سطح، 400 مترمربع تعیین شد. با توجه به واحدهای شکل زمین منطقه مورد­بررسی تعداد 27 قطعه‌نمونه برداشت شد. سپس با استفاده از نرم‌افزار
PC-ORD و به کمک آنالیز خوشه‌ای پوشش گیاهی منطقه تیپ‌بندی‌ شد و سپس برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل عوامل محیطی در ارتباط با تیپ‌های گیاهی از نرم‌افزار XLSTAT و آنالیز مؤلفه‌های اصلی (PCA) استفاده شد. با استفاده از آنالیز خوشه‌ای 6 تیپ گیاهی در منطقه مورد­بررسی تشخیص داده شد که برخی گونه‌ها مانند بلوط اوری (Quercus macranthera Fisch. & C. A. Mey.)، ممرز (Carpinus betulus L.)، گلابی وحشی (Pyrus glabra Boiss.)، زرشک (Berberis vulgaris L.)، آلوچه وحشی (Prunus cerasifera Ehrh.)، سیاه تلو (Palliurus spina-chiristi Mill.) و ازگیل (Mespilus germanica L.)، گونه‌های غالب تیپ‌های رویشی بودند. همچنین نتایج آنالیز PCA نشان داد که سیلت، پتاسیم، تخلخل، وزن مخصوص ظاهری، فسفر و رس از مهم‌ترین عوامل تأثیرگذار بر پراکنش تیپ‌های گیاهی منطقه هستند. با توجه به اینکه، برای استفاده از گونه‌های گیاهی در احیای یک منطقه نیازمند داشتن اطلاعات از نیازهای رویشگاهی آن­ها است، بنابراین از نتایج این پژوهش می‌توان در احیای مناطق مشابه استفاده کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of soil and topography characteristics on distribution of plant types in the Arasbaran forests, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Janatbabaei 1
  • Gholamhosein Moradi 2
  • Jahangir Feghhi 3
1 MSc Student, School of Natural Resources & Desert studies, Yazd University, Iran.
2 School of Natural Resources & Desert studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
3 Dept. of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This research was carried out for investigating the effect of environmental factors on plant types in Arasbaran forests. To do so, for considering of the different conditions, sampling was carried out based on the landform units, and the size of a squared sample plots, 400 m2 was determined by the minimum surface area method. According to the landform units of the study area, 27 plots were established and after recording the existing data in each plots, the soil samples were collected. Then, using PC-ORD software and Cluster analysis, vegetation of study area were classified and after that, Principle Component Analysis and XLSTAT software were used to analysis relationship between vegetation and environmental factors and determine the most important factors. Regarding to Cluster analysis, six plant types were identified and some species such as Quercus macranthera Fisch. & C. A. Mey., Carpinus betulus L., Pyrus glabra Boiss., Berberis vulgaris L., Prunus cerasifera Ehrh., Palliurus spina-chiristi Mill., and Mespilusgermanica L. were dominant species of plant types. Also, the results of the PCA analysis showed that silt, potassium, porosity, bulk density, phosphorus and clay are the most effective factors on distribution of plant types in the study area. Considering that use of plant species in restoration of a region needs data on their habitat demands, so results of this research could be use in restoration of same regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cluster analysis
  • Principle Components Analysis
  • Arasbaran
  • Plant types
  • Environmental factors
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