تأثیر آتش‌سوزی سطحی بر پویایی برخی از ویژگی‌های شیمیایی خاک جنگل، سردشت، آذربایجان‌غربی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد جنگلداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران.

4 کارشناس جنگلداری، اداره منابع طبیعی شهرستان سردشت، سردشت، ایران.

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر آتش­سوزی بر برخی از خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک در جنگل‌های شهرستان سردشت که در شهریورماه سال 96 دچار آتش­سوزی شد، انتخاب شد. منطقه شاهد یا نسوخته با شرایط یکسان در مجاورت منطقه سوخته انتخاب شد. پس از بررسی شرایط جنگل در هر منطقه تعداد نه قطعه­نمونه با مساحت 500 مترمربع و در مجموع 18 قطعه­نمونه با استفاده از روش سیستماتیک تصادفی و ابعاد 100×100 متر پیاده شد. نمونه‌های خاک در مرکز هر قطعه‌نمونه و در عمق صفر تا 10 سانتی‌متر طی سه نوبت: 1- بلافاصله پس از آتش­سوزی 2- سه ماه پس از آتش‌سوزی و 3- شش ماه پس از آتش‌سوزی برداشت شدند. عامل­های N، Mg، Ca، Oc، P، K، Ec و pH اندا­زه­گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که عناصر خاک در منطقه سوخته به مقدار اندکی بیشتر از خاک نسوخته بود که این افزایش از نظر آماری معنی­دار نشد. نتایج آنالیز اندازه‌های تکراری نشان داد که تأثیر زمان بر مقدار اسیدیته (pH)، کلسیم و منیزیم در منطقه سوخته و نسوخته از نظر آماری معنی­دار است به‌طوری‌که بیشترین تغییر در زمان سه ماه پس از آتش‌سوزی مشاهده شد. درمجموع می‌توان گفت که شدت کم آتش­سوزی سطحی اتفاق افتاده در منطقه، تأثیر زیادی بر خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک نداشت به‌طوری‌که پس از گذشت 6 ماه از آتش‌سوزی، مقدار بیشتر عناصر به سطوح قبل از آن برگشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of surface fire on dynamic of some chemico-physical properties of forest soil, Sardasht, West Azarbayjan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parinaz Salehi 1
  • Abbas Banj Shafiei 2
  • Mohsen Barin 3
  • Khaled Khezri 4
1 MSc. Student of Forestry, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran.
2 Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran.
3 Assistant Prof., Department of Agrology Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran.
4 MSc. of Forestry, Sardasht natural resources administration, Sardasht, I.R. Iran.
چکیده [English]

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fire on some soil chemical properties in Northwestern oak forests of Iran. The study area was selected 30 km from Sardasht city in West Azerbaijan province which was burnt in September of 2017. The control or unburned area was selected with the same conditions adjacent to the burn area. After surveying forest conditions in each area, 9 plots, each with an area of 500 m2 and a total of 18 plots were sampled using systematic random method and 100 × 100 m grids. Soil samples were collected at the center of each plot at a depth of 0-10 cm at three times: 1 - immediately after the fire 2 - three months after the fire and 3 - six months after the fire. The pH, EC, K, P, OC, Mg, N factors were measured. The results showed that the soil elements in the burned area were slightly higher than the unburned soils but these increases were not statistically significant. The results of repeated measures analysis showed that the effect of time on the acidity (pH), calcium and magnesium in the burned and unburned area was statistically significant. The largest change in the value of the three above mentioned variables was observed three months after the fire. Overall, the low intensity of surface fire in the area did not have a significant effect on soil chemical properties, so that six months after the fire, most of the elements returned to their pre-existing levels.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Forest fire
  • Oak forests
  • Repeated measures
  • Time effect

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پژوهش و توسعه جنگل
دوره 6، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 395-410

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