نحوه زادآوری و استقرار نسل جوان در راشستان‌های دست‌نخورده جنگل‌های هیرکانی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، بخش تحقیقات جنگل، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات جنگل، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناس پژوهش ، بخش تحقیقات جنگل، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

5 کارشناس پژوهش ، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

6 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران.

7 استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

8 مربی پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

9 کارشناس پژوهش ، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان ، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

10 کارشناس ارشد جنگل، دفتر فنی جنگلداری، سازمان جنگلها، مراتع و آبخیزداری کشور، چالوس، ایران.

11 کارشناس ارشد جنگل، اداره منابع طبیعی ساری، سازمان جنگلها، مراتع و آبخیزداری کشور، ساری، ایران

12 کارشناس ارشد جنگل، دفتر جنگلکاری و پارکها، سازمان جنگلها، مراتع و آبخیزداری کشور، چالوس، ایران

چکیده

استقرار نسل جوان در توده به‌ویژه روند زادآوری طبیعی توده‌های ناهمسال در دیدگاه جنگل‌شناسی نزدیک به طبیعت یکی از نکات مهم در حفظ پایداری جنگل است. این پژوهش در قطعات شاهد چهار منطقه از راشستان‌های هیرکانی انجام شد. 12 قطعه نمونه یک هکتاری در سه مرحله تحولی و سه اندازه مختلف روشنه، هرکدام با پنج قطعه نمونه چهار مترمربعی انتخاب و مشخصه‌های کمی و کیفی نهال‌ها و شدت نورنسبی (RLI) و شاخص سطح برگ (LAI) بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که توده‌ها در مراحل اولیه و بلوغ خالص و در مرحله تخریب آمیخته بودند. RLI در مرحله بلوغ و روشنه کوچک کمترین و در مرحله تخریب و روشنه بزرگ بیشترین مقدار را داشت ولی LAI در مرحله بلوغ و روشنه کوچک بیشتر بود. بیشترین متوسط رویش ارتفاعی کلیه نهال‌ها در مرحله اولیه و روشنه کوچک، بیشترین طول بالاترین میان‌گره و طول نوشاخه در مرحله بلوغ و روشنه بزرگ و بیشترین عرض تاج نهال در مرحله اولیه و روشنه کوچک دیده شد. سهم نهال‌های خوش­فرم در مرحله تخریب و روشنه متوسط بیشتر و سهم نهال‌های دو و چند شاخه در روشنه بزرگ بیشتر بود. روشنه‌های متوسط محیط مناسب‌تری را برای نهال‌ها فراهم می‌کنند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Regeneration and establishment of natural young generation in intact oriental beech stands of Hyrcanian forests

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khosro Sagheb Talebi 1
  • Pejman Parjizkar 2
  • Majid Hassani 3
  • Beitollah Amanzadeh 4
  • Arsalan Hemmati 5
  • Baba Khanjani Shiraz 5
  • Mohammad Amini 6
  • Shirzad Mohammadnezhad Kiasari 7
  • Seyed Zeidollah Mirkazemi 8
  • Asad allah karimidoost 9
  • Karim Maghsudloo 9
  • Mohammad Mortazavi 10
  • Bahram Delfan Abazari 11
  • Mousa Karandeh 12
1 Professor,, Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR), Agricultural Research, education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2 Assist. Prof. Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR), Agricultural Research, education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3 Research Expert, Forest Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands (RIFR), Agricultural Research, education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
4 Assist. Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
5 Research Expert, Research Division of Natural Resources, Gilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
6 Assist. Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Sari, Iran
7 Assist. Prof., Research Division of Natural Resources, Mazandaran Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Sari, Iran
8 Senior Research Expert, Research Division of Natural Resources, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
9 Research Expert, Research Division of Natural Resources, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
10 Senior Forest Expert, Forest Management Office, Forest, Rangeland and Watershed Organization (FRWO), Chalus, Iran
11 Senior Forest Expert, General Office of Natural Resources, Sari, Iran
12 Senior Forest Expert, Afforestation and Forest Parks Office, Forest, Rangeland and Watershed Organization (FRWO), Chalus, Iran
چکیده [English]

Process of natural regeneration in uneven-aged stands is one of basic issues for sustainability in close to nature silviculture approach. The present research started form 2009 in four intact oriental beech stands of the Hyrcanian forests. Twelve, one ha sample plots have been established in three development stages containing five micro sample plots of 4 m2. Three gap sizes (small, medium and large) with five micro sample plots of 4 m2 have been selected within the development stages and characteristics of saplings have been studied. Relative light intensity (RLI) and leaf area index (LAI) have been studied as well. Results showed that the stands in the initial and optimal stages were pure, while decay stage was mixed. The least RLI was observed in the optimal stage and small sized gap while the highest amount of RLI was in the decay stage and large gap. The lowest amount of LAI was calculated in the optimal stage and small gap size. The maximum mean height increment was measured in the initial stage and small gap, maximum length of uppermost internode and annual shoot in optimal stage and large gap and the widest crown width was calculated in the initial stage and small gap. The proportion of saplings with favored quality was highest in the optimal stage and medium gap size while the highest proportion of twig and broom shaped saplings was observed in the large gaps. Overall, small and large gaps can negatively affect the saplings, whereas medium sized gap creates better condition for saplings.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Regeneration
  • Saplings characteristics
  • Oriental beech
  • Gap
  • Development stage

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پژوهش و توسعه جنگل
دوره 6، شماره 3
آذر 1399
صفحه 519-541

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