مدل‌سازی پراکنش بلوط ایرانی در جنوب غرب ایران بر اساس روش مبتنی بر حضور حداکثر آنتروپی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری، مرکز ملی مدیریت منابع ژنتیکی کشاورزی و منابع‌طبیعی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران. ‏

2 دکتری اکولوژی جنگل، گروه جنگل‌داری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران

4 کارشناس، اداره کل منابع‌طبیعی و آبخیزداری استان ایلام، ایلام، ایران

چکیده

آگاهی از پویایی و پراکنش مکانی گونه­های گیاهی یک استراتژی مهم برای حفاظت از تنوع زیستی است. مدل­سازی پراکنش گونه­های گیاهی یکی از روش­های مهم در این زمینه است که از شاخص­های مناسب برای تشخیص روابط متغیرهای مختلف زیست­محیطی و ارزیابی مطلوبیت زیستگاه برای یک گونه خاص استفاده می­کند. در این بررسی برای شناسایی مناطق مناسب برای حضور گونه بلوط ایرانی که یکی از مهم­ترین گونه­های درختی در جنگل­های زاگرس در ایران است، از مدل پراکنش گونه­ای حداکثر آنتروپی استفاده شد. از 16 متغیر محیطی شامل متغیرهای توپوگرافی، اقلیمی و خاکی به­عنوان متغیرهای مستقل و نقاط حضور گونه بلوط ایرانی به­عنوان متغیر پاسخ استفاده شد. برای ارزیابی مدل از معیار سطح زیر منحنی (AUC) استفاده شد. برای تعیـین و ارزیابی اهمیـت متغیرهای محیطی از روش جک­نایف (Jackknife) استفاده شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که مدل حداکثر آنتروپی (MaxEnt) دارای کارایی بالایی با مقدار سطح زیر منحنی (AUC) 98/0 بود و متغیرهای متوسط دمای سالیانه، ارتفاع، و بارندگی در چارک مرطوب سال اهمیت بیشتری دارند. همچنین متغیرهای جهت وNDVI  کمترین اهمیت را در ساخت مدل داشتند. همچنین در این پژوهش نقشه مطلوبیت رویشگاه گونه بلوط ایرانی در منطقه مورد بررسی تهیه شد که می­تواند یک منبع مطمئن برای مدیران در امر برنامه­ریزی برای حفاظت و احیای جنگل­های تخریب شده در منطقه مورد بررسی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling of Iranian oak distribution in the southwest of Iran based on the presence-based approach Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt)‎

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shirin Mahmoodi 1
  • Kourosh Ahmadi 2
  • Mahdi Zahravi 3
  • Omid Karami 4
1 Ph.D. National Center of Genetic Resource, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, I. R. ‎Iran‎
2 Ph.D, Faculty of Natural Resource, University of Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, I. R. Iran. ‎
3 Assistant Professor, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Education and Extension Organization ‎‎(AREEO), Tehran, I. R. Iran. ‎
4 Ph.D., Department of Natural Resources, Ilam, I. R. Iran. ‎
چکیده [English]

Understanding the dynamics and spatial distribution of plant species is an important strategy to conserve biodiversity. Modeling the distribution of plant species is one of the important methods in this field, which uses appropriate indicators to identify the relationships of different environmental variables and evaluate the habitat suitability for a species. In this study, in order to identify suitable areas for the presence of Iranian oak, which is one of the most important tree species in the Zagros forests in Iran, the model of maximum entropy (MaxEnt) was used. 16 environmental variables including topographic, climatic, and soil variables were used as independent variables and occurrences of Iranian oak were used as response variables. In order to evaluate the model, the area under the curve (AUC) was used. Jackknife method was used to determine and evaluate the importance of environmental variables. The results of this study showed that the MaxEnt model had a high efficiency with AUC: 0.98 and the mean annual temperature, elevation, and precipitation in the wettest quarter are more important. In addition, aspect and NDVI were the least important in model construction. In this study, the suitability map of Iranian oak in the study area was prepared, which can be a reliable source for managers in planning to protect and rehabilitate deforested forests in the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Geographical distribution
  • Jackknife
  • Dinarkouh
  • Ecological niche
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