ارتباط ارتفاع از سطح دریا و جهت جغرافیایی با ویژگی‌های برگ درختان در جنگل‌های زاگرس شمالی

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران‏

3 استادیار، گروه جنگلداری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران ‏

4 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری و مرکز پژوهش و توسعه جنگلداری زاگرس شمالی دکتر هدایت غضنفری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

در این پژوهش ارتباط بین عوامل فیزیوگرافی با شاخص سطح برگ یا LAI (Leaf Area Index)، وزن ویژه­ برگ یا LMA (Leaf Mass per Area) و همچنین محتوای آبی تاج­پوشش یا CWC (Canopy Water Content) بررسی شد. تعداد 125 قطعه ­نمونه به شکل مربع با ابعاد 30 متر در 30 متر در جنگل­های بانه برداشت شد. میانگین ارتفاع از سطح دریا برای هر قطعه­نمونه با استفاده از نقشه مدل رقومی ارتفاع (DEM) منطقه و نه جهت مشخص در هر قطعه­نمونه به­وسیله قطب­نما مشخص شد. برای برآورد شاخص­ها در هر قطعه­نمونه عکس­برداری از تاج­پوشش و جمع­آوری برگ انجام شد. براساس نتایج اثر ارتفاع روی تمام شاخص­ها و اثر جهت دامنه روی شاخص­های LAI و LMA معنی­دار بود. شاخص­های LAI و CWC از ارتفاع پایین به سمت ارتفاعات بالا، کاهشی و در طبقه­ آخر افزایشی می­شود. شاخص LMA نیز از ارتفاع پایین به­سمت ارتفاعات بالا افزایشی و در طبقه­ آخر کاهشی می­شود. LAI در جهت­های شمالی و شمال ­شرقی بیشترین و در جهت جنوبی و جنوب­ غربی کمترین مقدار است. CWC در جهت­های شمالی بیشترین و در جهت جنوبی کمترین مقدار و LMA در جهت­های شمالی و شمال ­شرقی کمترین و در جهت­های غربی و جنوب ­غربی بیشترین مقدار است. بررسی وضعیت شاخص­های گیاهی در جهت­ها و ارتفاعات مختلف این امکان را فراهم می­سازد تا اقدامات حفاظتی و حمایتی در شرایط مختلف توپوگرافی براساس اولویت و مقدار اهمیت هر منطقه انجام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of elevation and geographical aspect variability on leaf characteristics of ‎trees in the North Zagros forests

نویسندگان [English]

  • Soran Amini 1
  • Nasrin Seyedi 2
  • Parviz Fatehi 3
  • Mahtab Pir Bavaghar 4
1 PhD student in Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran‎
2 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. ‎Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, ‎University of Tehran, Karaj, I. R. Iran‎
4 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry, Academic Member of Dr. Hedayat Ghazanfari Center for ‎Research & Development of Northern Zagros Forestry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, I. R. Iran‎
چکیده [English]

The aim of present study is investigating the effect of physiographic factors on leaf area index (LAI), leaf mass per area (LMA) and canopy water content (CWC). 125 square plots with dimensions of 30 meters by 30 meters in cluster method model were sampled. Plot elevation was determined by using digital elevation model (DEM) map. Also 9 aspects were determined by using a compass device. Photographing the canopy and collecting leaves from the canopy were done to estimate the indices. The results showed that the elevation has a significant effect on all indices. The aspect has a significant effect on LAI and LMI indices. LAI and CWC indices decrease from low to high elevations and increase on the highest elevation. The LMA attribute also increases from low to high elevations and decreases in the highest elevation class again. The high LAI value observed in the north and northeast aspect and the lowest LAI observed in the south and southwest aspects. The CWC is higher in northern aspects and it is lower in the southern aspect. LMA is lower in the northern and northeastern aspects while it was higher in the western and south western aspects. Knowing the conditions of vegetation indicators status in different aspects and elevations, provides the possibility of prioritizing support and maintenance measures in different topographical conditions of the region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Leaf area
  • Physiography
  • Canopy water content
  • Leaf mass per area
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