بررسی ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی برودار (Quercus brantii) و برآورد میوه آن در توده‌های جنگلی سردشت

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکتری جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 استاد، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

5 دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اهر، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی ویژگی­های کمی و کیفی توده­های بلوط برودار و برآورد مقدار تولید میوه آن در طبقات ارتفاعی مختلف است. در این بررسی در 3 طبقه ارتفاعی از جنگل‌های سردشت (کمتر از 1000 متر، بین 1000تا 1400 متر و بیشتر از 1400 متر) سامان عرفی 6 روستا انتخاب و در توده­های جنگلی 32 خط­نمونه برداشت شد. در برداشت خط­نمونه­ها نوع گونه‌، ارتفاع، قطر برابرسینه، قطر کوچک و بزرگ تاج، مبدأ گونه، وضعیت سلامت و فاصله بین درختان اندازه­گیری شد. برای برآورد محصول، میوه‌های تولیدشده 116 اصله درخت در طبقات قطری مختلف به روش بصری شمارش و 6 نمونه صدتایی از میوه 6 پایه توزین شدند. براساس میانگین وزن 100 میوه، وزن میوه تمامی پایه­ها محاسبه شد. بیشترین مقدار میانگین قطر برابرسینه (16/36 سانتی­متر)، قطر تاج (34/6 متر) و ارتفاع پایه­های (71/6 متر) در طبقه ارتفاعی کمتر از 1000 متر قرار دارد. مشخصه قطر برابرسینه با مقدار میوه تولیدی هر پایه به­طور معنی­داری همبستگی مثبت (54/0=r2) نشان دادند. این پژوهش نشان داد گونه بلوط برودار در طبقات ارتفاعی کمتر بیشترین درصد آمیختگی را داشته (9/51 درصد) و با افزایش ارتفاع از سطح دریا حضور آن کاسته می‌شود و ویژگی­های کمی و کیفی پایه­های آن تغییرات معنی­داری (در سطح 01/0 درصد) را نشان می­دهد. براساس نتایج پیشنهاد می­شود در برنامه­های احیا و غنی­سازی در طبقه ارتفاعی کمتر از 1000 متر از گونه برودار بیشتر استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Quercus branti and estimating its fruit in Sardasht

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ayeshe Esmaili 1
  • Seyed Rostam Mousavi Mirkala 2
  • Ahmad Alijanpour 3
  • Marziye Hajjarian 4
  • Sajad Ghanbari 5
1 Ph.D. of forestry, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, I. R. Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
5 Associate Professor, Department of Forestry, Ahar Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tabriz, Ahar, Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research is to investigate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the Quercus branti stands in the altitude classes and to estimate the amount of its fruit production in the investigated stands; therefore, in the three altitudes classes of Sardasht forests (below 1400 m, 1000-1400 m, and over 1400 m), the study area were chosen and 27 transects were randomly taken. In the sample, characteristics such as species, height, dbh, small and large crown diameter, trees origin, health and distance between trees were measured. To estimate the fruit, the number of fruits produced from 116 stems in different diameter classes were visually counted and weighed. Based on the average weight of 100 fruits, the weight of all individuals was calculated. The results also showed that Quercus branti coverage was the highest in the altitude layer less than 1000 m and it decreases with the increasing altitude. The average d.b.h (36.16 cm), the crown diameter (6.34 m), and the total height (6.71 m) are the highest in the altitude class below 1000 m. D.b.h as an important variable showed a significant positive correlation with the amount of fruit produced by selected trees. This research showed that with the increase in altitude, the presence of the Quercus branti decreases, and the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of trees show significant differences. Based on the results, it is suggested to use more Quercus brantii species in rehabilitation and enrichment programs in the altitude class of less than 1000 meters.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • customary system
  • fruit
  • Sardasht forests
  • Quercus branti
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