ارزیابی مشخصه‌های روزنه‌ای درختان بلوط بلندمازو (Quercus castaneifolia C.A.M.) و ممرز (Carpinus betulus L.) تحت تأثیر آلودگی گرد و غبار کارخانه سیمان مازندران

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

چکیده

ذرات گرد و غبار می­توانند با عبور از روزنه­ها موجب اختلال در فعالیت­های فتوسنتزی و کاهش رشد گیاه شوند. این پژوهش به بررسی تأثیر گرد و غبار سیمان بر ویژگی‌های روزنه برگ‌ها در دو گونه درختی مهم جنگل‌های هیرکانی در شمال ایران می­پردازد. بدین ­منظور برگ­های گونه‌های بلوط بلندمازو (Quercus castaneifolia C.A.M.) و ممرز (Carpinus betulus L.) در دو منطقه آلوده و شاهد در اطراف کارخانه سیمان مازندران نمونه­برداری شد. مشخصه­های روزنه برگ و سلول‌های نگهبان شامل تراکم، عرض، طول، محیط و مساحت اندازه­گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین تراکم روزنه برای هر گونه بلوط و ممرز در منطقه آلوده (به­ترتیب 1/36 و 6/6 روزنه در میلی­مترمربع) به­طور معنی­داری بیشتر از منطقه شاهد (به­ترتیب 3/24 و 2/5 روزنه در میلی­مترمربع) بود. براساس نتایج، مشخصه­های عرض و طول روزنه و همچنین عرض و طول سلول نگهبان در گونه بلوط تفاوت معنی­داری را بین دو منطقه آلوده و شاهد نشان نداد. در گونه ممرز، میانگین عرض و طول روزنه در منطقه آلوده (به­ترتیب 5/40 و 2/75 میکرومتر) به­طور معنی­داری از منطقه شاهد (به­ترتیب 8/46 و 4/90 میکرومتر) کمتر بود. همچنین در گونه بلوط نسبت طول به عرض روزنه در منطقه آلوده (5/3) به­طور معنی­داری بیشتر از منطقه شاهد (1/3) بود، اما تفاوت معنی‌داری در گونه ممرز مشاهده نشد. در نهایت گونه بلوط با افزایش تراکم روزنه­­ها، بدون تغییر معنی­داری در مشخصه­های طول و عرض روزنه و سلول نگهبان، مقاومت بهتری را نسبت به گونه ممرز نشان داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the stomatal characteristics of Quercus castaneifolia C.A.M. and Carpinus betulus L. under the dust pollution of Mazandaran cement factory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jamshid Eslamdoust 1
  • Seyed Mohsen Hosseini 2
  • Fatemeh Kardel 3
1 PhD. Student of Forestry, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural resources, University of Tarbiat Modares, Noor, I. R. Iran
2 Professor, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural resources, University of Tarbiat Modares, Noor, I. R. Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Marine and Oceanic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Dust particles can cause disturbance in photosynthetic activities by passing through the openings and thus reduce plant growth. The present study examines the effect of cement dust pollution on the characteristics of leaf stomata in two important tree species of Hyrcanian forests in northern Iran. For this purpose, the leaves of oak (Quercus castaneifolia C.A.M.) and common hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) were sampled in two polluted and control sites around the Mazandaran cement factory. The characteristics of density, width, length, perimeter, and area of stomata and guard cells were measured. The results showed that the average stomatal density for oak and common hornbeam in the polluted site (36.1 and 6.6 stomata per mm2, respectively) is significantly higher than the control site (24.3 and 2.5 stomata per mm2, respectively). Based on the results, the characteristics of stomatal width and length as well as guard cell width and length in oak did not show any significant difference between the two polluted and control sites. In common hornbeam species, the average width and length of the stomata in the polluted site (40.5 and 75.2 µm, respectively) were significantly lower than the control site (46.8 and 90.4 µm, respectively). Also, in the oak species, the ratio of stomatal length to width in the polluted site (3.5) was significantly higher than in the control area (3.1), but no significant difference was observed in the common hornbeam species. Finally, the oak species showed better resistance than the common hornbeam species by increasing the stomata density without a significant change in the characteristics of the length and width of the stomata and the guard cell.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Stomatal density
  • Hyrcanian forests
  • Stomatal guard cell
  • Pollutant
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