ارزیابی بصری تخریب خاک در اثر عملیات بهره‌برداری به روش چوب کوتاه و تمام درخت در جنگلکاری‌های غرب گیلان

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران

2 استاد گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران

3 دانش‌آموخته دکتری جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، صومعه سرا، ایران

چکیده

روش ارزیابی بصری تخریب خاک، ابزاری سریع و مؤثر برای ارزیابی ارزان از وضعیت کیفی خاک در عرصه است. هدف این پژوهش، ارزیابی بصری تخریب خاک در اثر عملیات بهره­برداری به روش چوب کوتاه و تمام درخت در جنگلکاری‌های غرب گیلان بود. بدین منظور اطلاعات تعداد 625 نقطه نمونه­برداری در هر روش برای ارزیابی تخریب خاک به روش بصری برداشت شد. نتایج نشان داد که روش­های بهره­برداری بررسی‌شده، نسبت­های مختلفی از سطح عرصه را تخریب کردند، به‌طوری‌ که 36/79 و 92/69 درصد از سطح کل عرصه به­ترتیب در روش چوب کوتاه و روش تمام درخت تخریب شدند. مقدار تخریب در طبقه مازاد مقطوعات در روش بهره­برداری چوب کوتاه بیشتر از روش تمام درخت بود. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که مقدار کوبیدگی خاک در روش چوب کوتاه (72/18 درصد) بیشتر از روش تمام درخت (08/14 درصد) بود. مازاد مقطوعات، تخریب سطحی و کوبیدگی خاک معمول­ترین نوع تخریب ایجاد- شده توسط روش­های بهره­برداری بودند به‌طوری­که بیشترین مقدار تخریب در هر دو روش مربوط به طبقه تخریب مازاد مقطوعات بود. نتایج آزمون من-ویتنی نیز نشان داد که اختلاف معنی­داری بین دو روش بهره­برداری چوب کوتاه و تمام درخت وجود دارد. به‌طورکلی نتایج نشان داد که نوع روش خروج چوب­آلات در عملیات بهره­برداری و چوبکشی اثر مهم و معنی­داری بر تخریب خاک جنگل به­همراه دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Visual assessment of soil disturbance causing forest operation by short wood and full tree methods in western plantations of Guilan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roya Giahparvar Foumani 1
  • Ramin Naghdi 2
  • Mehrdad Nikooy 2
  • Mehrdad Mirzaei 3
1 MSc of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, I. R. Iran
2 Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, I. R. Iran
3 PhD of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, I. R. Iran
چکیده [English]

Several methods have been proposed to evaluate soil quality in line with its management and provide suitable management solutions. Visual assessment method of soil disturbance provides a quick and effective tool for cheap evaluation of the quality of the soil in the field. The method of visual evaluation of soil degradation provides a quick and effective tool for cheap evaluation of soil quality in the field. The aim of this study was to visually assessment of soil disturbance due to forest operation by short wood and full tree methods in western plantations of Guilan province. For this purpose, 625 plots were measured in each method based on visual soil assessment method. The results showed that the studied operation methods destroyed different proportions of field areas so that 79.36 and 69.92% of the total area were destroyed in the short wood and full tree methods, respectively. Logging residuals in short wood method was more than in full tree method. The results showed that soil compaction in the short wood method (18.72%) was higher than in full tree method (14.08%). Logging residuals, shallow disturbance and soil compaction were the most common types of soil disturbance cause by logging methods, therefore the highest amount of disturbance in both methods was related to the logging residuals class. The results of Mann-Whitney U test showed that there was a significant difference between the two forest logging methods. In general, the results showed that the type of timber removal method in logging operations and skidding has a significant effect on forest soil disturbance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil assessment
  • Forest logging
  • Ground skidding
  • Wood farming
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